Sports Nutrition and Performance

Abstract

Nutrition plays an essential role on sports performance. Following an adequate nutrition pattern determines winning the gold medal or failing in the attempt. That is why it is commonly referred to as "invisible training." However, regarding food and performance, it is not only referred to professional athletes. Nowadays, a large number of amateur athletes perform daily physical activity both recreationally and semiprofessionally. That population also seeks to achieve an improvement in their personal brands, which can be reached following proper nutritional guidelines. In athlete population, nutrient requirements are incremented compared with nonathlete population. Therefore, it is essential to carry out a nutritional approach adapted to the athlete and training sessions. In addition, other advantages of adequate food intake in sports are related to changes in body composition, reduction of injuries, and prolongation of professional career length. The objective of this chapter is to determine the nutritional requirements of athlete population that allow to achieve their sporting goals. Nutritional strategies will be addressed in terms of macronutrients consumption, hydration, and timing depending on type and intensity of exercise.

Spor Alaninda Kullanilan Gida Takvi̇yeleri̇ Yeri̇ne Gastronomi̇k Ürün Öneri̇leri̇

“…Bireysel farklılıklar ve mevcut farklı yiyecek seçenekleri nedeniyle, sporcular için tek bir beslenme modeli yoktur, hatta değerlendirilecek çok sayıda strateji ve seçenek vardır (Saura, 2019). Estetik performans gerektiren spor dallarında (özellikle jimnastik, bale vb.)…”

“…Büyüme ve gelişmeyi sağlamak ve spor verimini arttırmak için beslenmenin türü ve niteliği oldukça önemlidir (Altundağ ve Payas, 2021: 116). Sporcu beslenme şekli, bireysel farklılıklara, yaptığı spor branşına, spor yapma süresine ve vücudun gereksinimine göre farklılık gösterir (Saura, 2019;Keser ve Yüksel, 2020). Fiziksel aktivite, atletik performans ve egzersiz sonrası toparlanma durumu optimal beslenme ile artar (Torres-McGehee vd., 2012).…”

“…Ne yazık ki, sporcu beslenmesi genellikle spor takviyeleri veya "sihirli" diyetlere atıfta bulunur. Sporcuların %40-70'i, kullanımlarının gerçekten gerekli olup olmadığını analiz bile etmeden spor takviyeleri tercih etmektedir (Saura, 2019). Gıda takviyelerinin çok azının performans artırdığı buna karşın bazı sağlık sorunlarına da sebep olduğu belirlenmiştir.…”

Evaluation of the Dietary Profile of Footballers in Ligue 2 in the Department of Brazzaville

“…Today, the evolution of football has shown that the nutritional preparation of the athlete is associated with the optimization of performance. However, a balanced and adequate diet provides energy substrates likely to improve the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of the player, which allows him to stay in the game for a long time [7]. It is therefore necessary to make the different foods known or within reach of the players while indicating their nutritional values.…”

“…One can easily understand the existence of a good physical, mental, technical and nutrition [6]. It is therefore very important for an athlete to have notions of nutrition in order to know the quality and quantity of foods that are suitable for the energy needs of the activity [7]. The author stipulates that: "all players must choose their foods knowingly and according to the objectives they wish to achieve".…”