Sports Medicine Considerations for the Paralympic Athlete

Slocum, Chloe; Blauwet, Cheri; Allen, Joanne B.

doi:10.1007/s40141-014-0074-x

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The second important finding was the high incidence of injury in the shoulder/arm/elbow complex (39 injuries; IR of 5.7 [95% CI 4.2 to 7.8]), with 27 of these injuries reported for the shoulder joint. The shoulder joint has been highlighted in both the summer and winter setting for athletes with impairment, mainly for wheelchair users who use their upper body to perform both their sport and activities of daily living 1 4 5 19–22. In the current study, sports in which athletes used their arms for power and stability during high-speed propulsion, namely para ice hockey (n=21; 56% of all injuries), para Nordic skiing (n=13; 50% of all injuries) and para alpine skiing (n=13; 30% of all injuries) had a higher number of reported injuries in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

High incidence of injuries at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games: a prospective cohort study of 6804 athlete days

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveTo describe the epidemiology of sports injury at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games.Methods567 athletes from 49 countries were monitored daily for 12 days over the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games (6804 athlete days). Injury data were obtained daily from teams with their own medical support (41 teams and 557 athletes) and teams without their own medical support (8 teams and 10 athletes) through two electronic data capturing systems.Results112 of 567 athletes (19.8%) reported a total of 142 injuries, with an injury incidence rate (IR) of 20.9 per 1000 athlete days (95% CI 17.4 to 25.0). The highest IR was reported for para snowboard (IR of 40.5 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 28.5 to 57.5]; p<0.02), particularly in the lower limb and head/face/neck anatomical areas. Across all sports at the Games, acute traumatic injuries (IR of 16.2 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 13.2 to 19.8]) and injuries to the shoulder/arm/elbow complex (IR of 5.7 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 4.2 to 7.8]) were most common. However, most injuries (78.9%) did not require time loss.ConclusionThe new Paralympic Winter Games sport of Para snowboard requires attention to implement actions that will reduce injury risk. The shoulder was the most injured single joint—a consistent finding in elite para sport.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

High incidence of injuries at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games: a prospective cohort study of 6804 athlete days

et al. 2019

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“…It also shows that such a positive trend in track-and-field athletics contrasts with the stagnation in the performance of most Olympic track-and-field events. As advances occur in athletic performance-related aspects, like talent identification, prevention of injuries, training methodology, and sport policies (Houlihan & Chapman, 2017;Patatas et al, 2018;Slocum, Blauwet, & Anne Allen, 2015), future performance gains in Paralympic athletes are a strong possibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Athletes With Visual Impairment in Track-and-Field Events at the Paralympic Games, From 1988 to 2016

Marmeleira

2022

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness

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Introduction: The Paralympic movement has grown considerably over the last decades, but few studies have analyzed the performance evolution of the best athletes with disabilities. This study examined the performance of athletes with visual impairments in track-and-field events over eight Paralympic Games (1988–2016). Method: Results in the Paralympic track-and-field events for athletes with visual impairments (and in the corresponding track-and-field Olympic events) were collected from official public websites. Results: Analysis showed that most performances at Paralympic track-and-field events increased linearly over the years, which finding contrasts with the general stagnation in Olympic events. The improvements from 1988 to 2016 in Paralympic sprinting, middle- and long-distance running, throwing, and long-jumping events were 4.0–16.3%, 3.2–16.2%, 23.0–54.2%, and 4.9–18.9%, respectively. Men had better performances than women in running, throwing, and jumping events. In general, sports classes with a less severe level of visual impairment achieved higher performance levels than those with a more severe level of visual impairment, especially men. The competition density of Paralympic track-and-field events showed modest improvements. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the performance of track-and-field athletes with visual impairments have been improving persistently over the last eight Paralympic Games, confirming that Paralympic athletes are achieving high-level performances. Implications for Practitioners: This study will be helpful for coaches and athletes with visual impairments who are setting performance (and training) goals for the Paralympic Games and other international athletic events.

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“…In relation to this, it is worth mentioning that those investigations performed during the Paralympic Games used an accurate methodology but provided limited information on Para judo. Finally, it should be considered that a greater understanding of the patterns of injury for athletes with disabilities has important clinical implications for rehabilitation and sports medicine physicians 70 . However, very few studies reported information on injuries’ severity, on factors that can increase injury risk (i.e., age, sex, years of experience, category, competition level) and especially on the influence of VI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review on Para Judo

Gutiérrez-Santiago

Prieto-Lage

et al. 2022

Am J Phys Med Rehabil

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This scoping review aimed to summarize the literature on Para judo comprehensively. A systematic search on WOS, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus was carried out up to July 2022, combining the key words “judo” and “visual impairment,” “visual disability,” “visual deficiency,” “visually handicapped,” “low vision,” “sight loss,” “blind,” “disability,” “deficiency,” and “Paralympic.” The research question was focused on athletes with visual impairment who practiced judo at a competitive level. The following five methodological phases were followed: (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) study selection, (4) charting the data, and (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. A total of 44 studies were analyzed. Three lines of research emerged: physical fitness (n = 18), performance and/or sport class (n = 15), and physical and mental health (n = 11). Findings indicated that judokas with visual impairment showed a similar fitness level to able-sighted judokas. In addition, it was observed that Para judo shows a considerable injury incidence, which is not influenced by the degree of visual impairment. The temporal structure of the combats, together with the studies focused on the optimal cutoff points between sports classes, confirmed the appropriateness of the recent changes in the regulations by which partially sighted judokas and functional blind judokas compete separately.

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Sports Medicine Considerations for the Paralympic Athlete

Cited by 12 publications

References 59 publications

High incidence of injuries at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games: a prospective cohort study of 6804 athlete days

High incidence of injuries at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games: a prospective cohort study of 6804 athlete days

Performance of Athletes With Visual Impairment in Track-and-Field Events at the Paralympic Games, From 1988 to 2016

A Scoping Review on Para Judo

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