Abstract:There has been increased attention in the field of sports marketing on relationship-building and relationship quality. These constructs are essential concepts that further our understanding of the relationship between the sports consumer and the team. The development of a scale that measures sports consumer-team relationship quality would make it possible to conduct systematic assessments of the relationship between sports consumers and teams. A developed scale would also allow further investigations into the … Show more
“…(2017) scales were adapted. The measurement of RQ and its four dimensions was based on the questions obtained from Kim et al. (2011) and Liang et al.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(2017) believe that this construct is composed of satisfaction, trust, and commitment. In another study, factors such as trust, commitment, intimacy, love, and satisfaction are considered the dimensions of RQ (Kim et al., 2011). In the present study, RQ is considered a four-dimensional variable consisting of trust, commitment, satisfaction, and intimacy.…”
Tourist engagement has recently emerged in both academic and practitioner discussions. However, empirical inquiry on tourist engagement as a predictor of tourist citizenship behavior is scarce. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between tourist engagement, relationship quality, and tourist citizenship behavior in hotels. Participation and social interaction have been considered the tourist engagement dimensions. Relationship quality as a multidimensional variable included satisfaction, trust, commitment, and intimacy, while tourist citizenship behavior is defined as a unidimensional variable. A structural equations approach was applied to the 690 data sets obtained from travelers of selected hotels. The results indicate that tourist engagement dimensions have a positive impact on the relationship quality dimensions. On the other hand, the effect of relationship quality dimensions on tourist citizenship behavior has been positive. This research can help researchers and hotel managers find ways to strengthen relationship quality between hotels and customers. Regarding hotels’ limited resources for promotional activities, the results could help managers formulate plans to persuade tourists to express citizenship behavior toward hotels, which help hotels establish competitive advantages.
“…(2017) scales were adapted. The measurement of RQ and its four dimensions was based on the questions obtained from Kim et al. (2011) and Liang et al.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(2017) believe that this construct is composed of satisfaction, trust, and commitment. In another study, factors such as trust, commitment, intimacy, love, and satisfaction are considered the dimensions of RQ (Kim et al., 2011). In the present study, RQ is considered a four-dimensional variable consisting of trust, commitment, satisfaction, and intimacy.…”
Tourist engagement has recently emerged in both academic and practitioner discussions. However, empirical inquiry on tourist engagement as a predictor of tourist citizenship behavior is scarce. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between tourist engagement, relationship quality, and tourist citizenship behavior in hotels. Participation and social interaction have been considered the tourist engagement dimensions. Relationship quality as a multidimensional variable included satisfaction, trust, commitment, and intimacy, while tourist citizenship behavior is defined as a unidimensional variable. A structural equations approach was applied to the 690 data sets obtained from travelers of selected hotels. The results indicate that tourist engagement dimensions have a positive impact on the relationship quality dimensions. On the other hand, the effect of relationship quality dimensions on tourist citizenship behavior has been positive. This research can help researchers and hotel managers find ways to strengthen relationship quality between hotels and customers. Regarding hotels’ limited resources for promotional activities, the results could help managers formulate plans to persuade tourists to express citizenship behavior toward hotels, which help hotels establish competitive advantages.
“…Finally, The Studies recognize the role of sponsorship in enhancing the brand and the ability to pass through the positive image of the brand and company strongly, so it can be considered an important reason for buying its products (Coelho, Amorim, & Almeida, 2019). This means that sponsorship improves the buying power of the sponsor company (Biscaia et al, 2017) through the positive financial indicators such as stock prices, property rights, and the brand value (Kim, Trail, Woo, & Zhang, 2011). In details, the sports sponsorship has a positive role in enhancing, promoting, and improving the brand loyalty (Donlan, 2014).…”
Section: Brand Enhancement and Buying The Brandmentioning
Article History
KeywordsBrand enhancement Buying behavior Sport sponsorship Sponsor companies Riyadh KSA.
JEL Classification:Brand Enhancement, Buying Behavior, Sport Sponsorship, Saudi Arabia.The study aims at measuring the effect of the brand enhancement on the buying behavior toward the sponsor companies in Riyadh as well as determining the statistical differences in the brand enhancement and buying the brand according to demographics such as gender, education and age. The research population consists of all Saudi fans of the sport activity in Saudi Arabia. The total research population in Riyadh 2017 reaches 1.32 million. The purposive sampling method is used and the calculated sample size reaches 385 of the sports audience. The study concludes that brand enhancement has a positive significant effect on buying the brand of the sponsor companies. The study finds that there are no statistical differences in rand enhancement and buying the brand according to all demographical variables. Finally, the study suggests a set of recommendations and implications that support the brand enhancement of the sponsor companies in Riyadh city.
“…This is essential in the modern sport business market that is very competitive and nearly saturated (Kim, Trail, & Ko, 2011). As the costs of operating a sporting event increase (Fulks, 2008;Kim, Trail, Woo, & Zhang, 2009), many sports organizations cannot afford the considerable expense of bringing new fans to the market. When a market is saturated and highly competitive, in order to survive, an organization has to change its strategy from acquisition of new consumers to retaining loyal customers (Fornell & Wernerfelt, 1987), and shift from a traditional exchange to a relationship paradigm (Gladden & Sutton, 2009;Harris & Ogbonna, 2008;Mullin, Hardy, & Sutton, 2007).…”
In today's highly competitive sports business market, sports organizations have shifted their marketing strategy from a traditional exchange to a relationship paradigm. The relationship quality between sports fans and sport organizations contains many emotional constructs, and thus studies of emotion are increasingly relevant in the sports marketing field. While most studies of emotional processing use self-report measures, the objectivity and validity of these metrics are limited by social expectations and demand effects. Psychophysiological measures of emotional processing offer significant potential benefits in the study of sports marketing relationships, including (1) quantitative data through direct measure; (2) the validation and clarification existing in self-report data; and (3) tracking of emotional changes in real time. The utility of psychophysiological measures in the study of team sports identification and other relevant paradigms are outlined, and improvements in sports consumer research are discussed.
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