Sporocarpic species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota), with a new report from Brazil

Goto, Bruno Tomio; Maia, Leonor Costa

doi:10.1590/s0102-33062005000300025

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…According to Hawksworth and Rossman (1997), Hawksworth (2001), and Blackwell (2011), tropical forests are such regions, and the exploration of tropical forests have resulted in the discovery of many sporocarpic fungi (Sulzbacher et al 2016(Sulzbacher et al , 2017. These include the recently newly described species of the Glomeromycota from Brazil and Cuba (Torre-Arias et al 2017), AMF species found in these countries, but previously rarely recorded in the world (Goto and Maia 2005), as well as the new Brazilian fungus, S. amazonicum, characterized in this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New sporocarpic taxa in the phylum Glomeromycota: Sclerocarpum amazonicum gen. et sp. nov. in the family Glomeraceae (Glomerales) and Diversispora sporocarpia sp. nov. in the Diversisporaceae (Diversisporales)

et al. 2019

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Of the nearly 300 species of the phylum Glomeromycota comprising arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), only 24 were originally described to form glomoid spores in unorganized sporocarps with a peridium and a gleba, in which the spores are distributed randomly. However, the natural (molecular) phylogeny of most of these species remains unknown. We found unorganized sporocarps of two fungi-producing glomoid spores: one in the Amazonian forest in Brazil (tropical forest) and the second in a forest of Poland (temperate forest). The unique spore morphology of the two fungi suggested that they are undescribed species. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the small subunit-internal transcribed spacer-large subunit nrDNA region and the RPB1 gene confirmed this assumption and placed the Brazilian fungus in a separate clade at the rank of genus, very strongly divergent from its sister clade representing the genus Glomus sensu stricto in the family Glomeraceae (order Glomerales). The Polish fungus was accommodated in a sister clade to a clade grouping sequences of Diversispora epigaea, a fungus that also occasionally produces spores in sporocarps, belonging in the Diversisporaceae (Diversisporales). Consequently, the Brazilian fungus was here described as the new genus and new species Sclerocarpum gen. nov. and S. amazonicum sp. nov., respectively. The Polish fungus was described as D. sporocarpia sp. nov. In addition, the supposed reasons for the low representation of sporocarpic species in the Glomeromycota were discussed and the known distribution of sporocarp-producing Glomeromycota was outlined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New sporocarpic taxa in the phylum Glomeromycota: Sclerocarpum amazonicum gen. et sp. nov. in the family Glomeraceae (Glomerales) and Diversispora sporocarpia sp. nov. in the Diversisporaceae (Diversisporales)

et al. 2019

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“…The fi rst records of AMF were from agricultural ecosystems (Maia & Trufem 1990) and since then, other investigations in cultivated areas (Weber et al 2004), impacted areas (Silva et al 2005;Mergulhão et al 2009), native areas with "caatinga" vegetation and in fragments of Atlantic Forest (Goto & Maia 2005) have been done, increasing our knowledge of AMF diversity in the region (Maia et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a gypsum mining impacted semiarid area

et al. 2010

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RESUMO -(Diversidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em áreas impactadas por mineração gesseira no semiarido). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do impacto produzido por mineração de gesso sobre a ocorrência e diversidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA). Amostras de solo foram coletadas nos períodos chuvoso e seco, em quatro áreas de mineração de gesso: caatinga nativa preservada (CN); arredores da mina (AM); área de rejeito (AR) e interface entre o depósito (rejeito) e uma área de caatinga degradada pela mineração (AI). Quarenta e duas espécies de plantas foram identifi cadas nas áreas; algumas não estavam presentes em ambos os períodos. Trinta e seis táxons de FMA foram identifi cados: 31 no período chuvoso e 31 no seco, com diferenças na composição de espécies. A atividade de mineração reduziu a diversidade de plantas e de FMA nas três áreas de mineração, comparando com a CN. Baixo índice de similaridade de plantas foi observado entre a CN e as áreas degradadas. Menor similaridade entre espécies de FMA foi observada no período chuvoso e entre a CN e as áreas impactadas. Glomus intraradices, Glomus sp.1 e Paraglomus occultum foram as espécies mais comumente encontradas, mostrando tolerância às condições edáfi cas nas áreas impactadas. Estas espécies devem ser testadas em programas de revegetação em áreas similarmente impactadas por mineração de gesso. Palavras chave: área degradada, gesso, micorriza, taxonomia ABSTRACT -(Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a gypsum mining impacted semiarid area). The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of gypsum mining on the occurrence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Soil samples were collected in the rainy and dry periods in four areas of a gypsum mine: native preserved "caatinga" (NC); mine vicinity (MS); reject area (RA); interface between the reject area and an area of "caatinga" degraded by mining (IN). Forty two plant species were identifi ed in these areas; some were not found in both collection periods. Thirty six taxa of AMF were identifi ed: 31 in the rainy and 31 in the dry period, with different species composition. Mining activity reduced diversity of plants and of AMF in the three mining areas when compared to NC. Plant similarity indexes were low between NC and the degraded areas. Similarity among AMF species was lower in the rainy period and between NC and the ones affected by mining. Glomus intraradices, Glomus sp.1 and Paraglomus occultum were the most common AMF, showing tolerance of edaphic conditions in the impacted areas. These species should be further tested in programs of revegetation of similar gypsum mining degraded areas.

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“…1(3, 4)). The term "sporocarp" is used rather loosely in relation to glomeromycotan fungi, and may be used either in a welldefined manner in which the structures containing spores are enclosed in an evidently differentiated hyphal peridium with further differentiated glebal hyphae, or merely to describe a dense, undifferentiated cluster of spores (e.g., Schenck and Perez, 1990;Goto and Maia, 2005). Since we cannot determine whether the hyphal envelope in the fossils described here represents a peridium sensu stricto, we use the term "sporocarp" in the broadest sense for these fossils.…”

Section: Sporocarp Producermentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering interfungal relationships in the 410-million-yr-old Rhynie chert: Sporocarp formation in glomeromycotan spores

Krings

Taylor

Kerp

et al. 2015

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Fungi today enter into relationships with other fungi in many ways. Although this was likely also the case in the geologic past, detailed descriptions of interfungal associations and interactions based on fossils remain scarce. Sporocarps bounded by a peridium-like envelope occur singly within the lumen of large glomeromycotan spores (Palaeomyces gordonii var. major) from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert. The envelope consists of multi-branched, interlacing hyphae. At the tips of hyphae, extending from the envelope into the lumen are produced spheroidal to urn-shaped spores. Similar sporocarps are found in several present day species in the Glomeraceae. Clusters of spores, superficially resembling sporocarps, may also

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Sporocarpic species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota), with a new report from Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

New sporocarpic taxa in the phylum Glomeromycota: Sclerocarpum amazonicum gen. et sp. nov. in the family Glomeraceae (Glomerales) and Diversispora sporocarpia sp. nov. in the Diversisporaceae (Diversisporales)

New sporocarpic taxa in the phylum Glomeromycota: Sclerocarpum amazonicum gen. et sp. nov. in the family Glomeraceae (Glomerales) and Diversispora sporocarpia sp. nov. in the Diversisporaceae (Diversisporales)

Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a gypsum mining impacted semiarid area

Deciphering interfungal relationships in the 410-million-yr-old Rhynie chert: Sporocarp formation in glomeromycotan spores

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