Spontaneous<i>Escherichia coli</i>bacterial meningitis mimicking heatstroke in an adult

Ishida, Kenichiro; Noborio, Mitsuhiro; Nakamura, Masayuki; Ieki, Yohei; Sogabe, Taku; Sadamitsu, Daikai

doi:10.1002/ccr3.509

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The determination of the pathogen in bacterial meningitis is not simple and is often associated with secondary infections. In a case report of meningitis caused by E. coli , the pathogen was detected only in blood and urine cultures with negative CSF culture ( 123 ). In some cases, it is not possible to identify the primary focus of E. coli due to the early use of antibiotics, therefore the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the CSF can be a useful test in patients who received antibiotic treatment before the lumbar puncture ( 121 , 124 ).…”

Section: Meningococcal Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial meningitis in Africa

Barichello

Catalão²,

Rohlwink³

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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Bacterial meningitis differs globally, and the incidence and case fatality rates vary by region, country, pathogen, and age group; being a life-threatening disease with a high case fatality rate and long-term complications in low-income countries. Africa has the most significant prevalence of bacterial meningitis illness, and the outbreaks typically vary with the season and the geographic location, with a high incidence in the meningitis belt of the sub-Saharan area from Senegal to Ethiopia. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) and Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) are the main etiological agents of bacterial meningitis in adults and children above the age of one. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus), Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus are neonatal meningitis's most common causal agents. Despite efforts to vaccinate against the most common causes of bacterial neuro-infections, bacterial meningitis remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in Africa, with children below 5 years bearing the heaviest disease burden. The factors attributed to this continued high disease burden include poor infrastructure, continued war, instability, and difficulty in diagnosis of bacterial neuro-infections leading to delay in treatment and hence high morbidity. Despite having the highest disease burden, there is a paucity of African data on bacterial meningitis. In this article, we discuss the common etiologies of bacterial neuroinfectious diseases, diagnosis and the interplay between microorganisms and the immune system, and the value of neuroimmune changes in diagnostics and therapeutics.

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Section: Meningococcal Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial meningitis in Africa

Barichello

Catalão²,

Rohlwink³

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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“…It can cause infections when it penetrates the urinary tract [ 1 ]; in human household contacts, dogs can be reservoirs of E. coli strains responsible for urinary tract infections [ 40 ]. Moreover, in immunosuppressed patients, E. coli can produce severe infections: otitis [ 41 ] and meningitis (in neonates and older adults [ 42 ]).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Commercially Available Essential Oils Combinations with Conventional Antibiotics against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Neagu,

Popovici,

Ionescu

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of five commercially available essential oils (EOs), Lavender (LEO), Clove (CEO), Oregano (OEO), Eucalyptus (EEO), and Peppermint (PEO), against the most-known MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria—Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)—alone and in various combinations. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis established their complex compositions. Then, their antibacterial activity—expressed as the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) value (mm)—was investigated in vitro by the diffusimetric antibiogram method, using sterile cellulose discs with Ø 6 mm impregnated with 10 µL of sample and sterile borosilicate glass cylinders loaded with 100 µL; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value (µg/mL) for each EO was calculated from the IZD values (mm) measured after 24 h. The following EO combinations were evaluated: OEO+CEO, CEO+EEO, CEO+PEO, LEO+EEO, and EEO+PEO. Then, the influence of each dual combination on the activity of three conventional antibacterial drugs—Neomycin (NEO), Tetracycline (TET), and Bacitracin (BAC)—was investigated. The most active EOs against S. aureus and E. coli were LEO and OEO (IZD = 40 mm). They were followed by CEO and EEO (IZD = 20–27 mm); PEO exhibited the lowest antibacterial activity (IZD = 15–20 mm). EEO alone showed the highest inhibitory activity on P. aeruginosa (IZD = 25–35 mm). It was followed by CEO, LEO, and EEO (IZD = 7–11 mm), while PEO proved no antibacterial action against it (IZD = 0 mm). Only one synergic action was recorded (OEO+CEO against P. aeruginosa); EEO+PEO revealed partial synergism against S. aureus and CEO+PEO showed additive behavior against E. coli. Two triple associations with TET showed partial synergism against E. coli, and the other two (with NEO and TET) evidenced the same behavior against S. aureus; all contained EEO+PEO or CEO+PEO. Most combinations reported indifference. However, numerous cases involved antagonism between the constituents included in the double and triple combinations, and the EOs with the strongest antibacterial activities belonged to the highest antagonistic combinations. A consistent statistical analysis supported our results, showing that the EOs with moderate antibacterial activities could generate combinations with higher inhibitory effects based on synergistic or additive interactions.

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“…Due to the severity of the disease, early diagnosis, adequate antibiotic treatment and hemodynamic control are essential [68].…”

Section: Acute-bacterial Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%