Spontaneous emission rate enhancement using gold nanorods

Kumar, Nagendra; Messer, Kevin; Eggleston, Michael S.; Wu, Ming C.; Yablonovitch, Eli

doi:10.1109/ipcon.2012.6358770

Cited by 3 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As thermal radiation is a form of spontaneous emission, the emission rate is increased by the presence of the plasmonic cavity, with the degree of rate enhancement dictated by the ratio between the Q factor and mode volume of the optical cavity (that is, the Purcell factor) 41 . This effect has been explored as a means of increasing LED switching rates by placing the semiconductor emitting layer within either a plasmonic or photonic cavity [42][43][44][45][46] . For the case of graphene plasmonic nanoresonators that have highly confined mode volumes, the Purcell factor has been shown to be extremely high, approaching 10 7 , and, thus, the modulation rate of thermal emission from our device could be exceedingly fast, beyond what has been demonstrated with plasmonically enhanced LEDs or lasers 47 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic modulation of infrared radiation in graphene plasmonic resonators

et al. 2015

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All matter at finite temperatures emits electromagnetic radiation due to the thermally induced motion of particles and quasiparticles. Dynamic control of this radiation could enable the design of novel infrared sources; however, the spectral characteristics of the radiated power are dictated by the electromagnetic energy density and emissivity, which are ordinarily fixed properties of the material and temperature. Here we experimentally demonstrate tunable electronic control of blackbody emission from graphene plasmonic resonators on a silicon nitride substrate. It is shown that the graphene resonators produce antenna-coupled blackbody radiation, which manifests as narrow spectral emission peaks in the mid-infrared. By continuously varying the nanoresonator carrier density, the frequency and intensity of these spectral features can be modulated via an electrostatic gate. This work opens the door for future devices that may control blackbody radiation at timescales beyond the limits of conventional thermo-optic modulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic modulation of infrared radiation in graphene plasmonic resonators

et al. 2015

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“…In microwave frequency range the electric field inside the conductors is zero, which leads to perfect reflection from the surface of the metal, as the conductivity of metal is very high. However, at terahertz frequencies, the assumption of perfect conductor metals is not valid and the losses cannot be neglected [8]. The material properties in the terahertz range can be described by a free electron gas moving through a lattice of positive ions.…”

Section: Materials Properties At Terahertz Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The material properties in the terahertz range can be described by a free electron gas moving through a lattice of positive ions. The frequency dependent complex permittivity and the electrical conductivity of metal in the terahertz frequency range is described using the Drude model given by [8] (1)…”

Section: Materials Properties At Terahertz Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…where is the real part of permittivity and is a measure of how much energy from an external field is stored in a material, is the imaginary part of permittivity (loss factor) and is a measure of how dissipative or lossy a material is to an external field, is the dielectric constant of vacuum, is the angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave, the angular collision frequency, and is the electron plasma angular frequency [8] = (3) where ne is the free electron density, me is the electron mass, and q is the charge of the electron. Figure 1 shows the variation of electric permittivity , and the conductivity , versus frequency in the terahertz range of gold, copper, silver and aluminum.…”

Section: Materials Properties At Terahertz Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resonant structures of good conducting metals show electromagnetic resonances, when being excited by an incident light, this is called surface plasmon polariton resonances (SPPRs). The electrical properties of these metals are described by the DrudeLorentz model which considers both the free electrons contributions and harmonic oscillator SPPRs contributions [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano-Dielectric Resonator Antenna Reflectarray/Transmittarray for Terahertz Applications

Malhat¹,

Eltresy²,

Zainud-Deen³

et al. 2015

AEM

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Nanoantennas have been introduced for different applications as solar-cell, medical imaging, and fast data communications. The material properties of good conducting metals introduce plasmonic behavior at terahertz frequencies. The electrical properties of different good conducting metals are modelled using the Drude model and have been investigated for reflectarray/ transmitarray operation. The radiation characteristics of nano-dielectric resonator antenna (NDRA) reflectarray at 633 nm have been investigated. The unit-cell consists of NDR mounted on the metallic supporting plane. A parametric study for the NDR unit cell dimensions and material has been introduced. The NDR unit-cell with silver supporting plane has been designed and analyzed for reflectarray applications at 633 nm. The radiation characteristics of the NDRA transmitarray has been introduced for 633 nm applications. The NDR unit-cell consists of two NDRs mounted on the top and bottom of the metallic supporting plane. A comparison between the radiation characteristics of 17×17 and 21×21 NDRA transmitarray has been introduced. A compromise between the nano-transmitarray size, maximum gain, and operating bandwidth is applied to terahertz applications. The finite integral technique is used to carry a full wave analysis to design an NDRA reflectarray and an NDRA transmitarray..

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An antenna model for the Purcell effect

Krasnok

Slobozhanyuk

Simovski

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

175

179

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The Purcell effect is defined as a modification of the spontaneous emission rate of a quantum emitter at the presence of a resonant cavity. However, a change of the emission rate of an emitter caused by an environment has a classical counterpart. Any small antenna tuned to a resonance can be described as an oscillator with radiative losses, and the effect of the environment on its radiation can be modeled and measured in terms of the antenna radiation resistance, similar to a quantum emitter. We exploit this analogue behavior to develop a general approach for calculating the Purcell factors of different systems and various frequency ranges including both electric and magnetic Purcell factors. Our approach is illustrated by a general equivalent scheme, and it allows resenting the Purcell factor through the continuous radiation of a small antenna at the presence of an electromagnetic environment.

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Spontaneous emission rate enhancement using gold nanorods

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Electronic modulation of infrared radiation in graphene plasmonic resonators

Electronic modulation of infrared radiation in graphene plasmonic resonators

Nano-Dielectric Resonator Antenna Reflectarray/Transmittarray for Terahertz Applications

An antenna model for the Purcell effect

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