Spontaneous chromosomal aberration levels in human peripheral lymphocytes

Ivanov, B.; Praskova, L; Mileva, M.; Bulanova, M.; Georgieva, I.

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(78)90180-x

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In our study dicentrics and/or rings were found both in groups of workers from the restricted area of the NPP and in the control group. The frequency of dicentrics plus rings observed in the administrative staff was 0.03%, which coincides with the laboratory data released from the mid-1970s [18], and is even lower than that of the leading laboratories in the world [19–21]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Chromosome analysis of nuclear power plant workers using fluorescence in situ hybridization and Giemsa assay

Hristova¹,

Hadjidekova²,

Grigorova³

et al. 2013

Journal of Radiation Research

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects of ionizing radiation in vivo in exposed Bulgarian nuclear power plant workers by using classical cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic analyses of peripheral lymphocytes. Chromosome analysis using fluorescence in situ hybrydization (FISH) and Giemsa techniques was undertaken on 63 workers and 45 administrative staff controls from the Bulgarian Nuclear Power Plant. Using the Giemsa method, the frequencies of cells studied with chromosome aberrations, dicentrics plus rings and chromosome fragments in the radiation workers were significantly higher compared with the control group (P = 0.044, P = 0.014, and P = 0.033, respectively). A significant association between frequencies of dicentrics plus rings and accumulated doses was registered (P < 0.01). In the present study, a FISH cocktail of whole chromosome paints for chromosomes 1, 4 and 11 was used. A significant association between frequency of translocations and accumulated doses was also observed (P < 0.001). Within the control group, a correlation was found between age and the spontaneous frequency of translocations. No correlation was found between smoking status and frequency of translocations. When compared with the control group, workers with accumulated doses up to 100 mSv showed no increase in genome translocation frequency, whereas workers with accumulated doses from 101 to 200 mSv showed a statistically significant doubling of genome translocation frequency (P = 0.009). Thus, in cases of chronic exposure and for purposes of retrospective dosimetry, the genome frequency of translocations is a more useful marker for evaluation of genotoxic effects than dicentric frequency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Chromosome analysis of nuclear power plant workers using fluorescence in situ hybridization and Giemsa assay

Hristova¹,

Hadjidekova²,

Grigorova³

et al. 2013

Journal of Radiation Research

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“…For technical reasons, aneuploidy has been studied mostly in lymphocytes (often T-lymphocytes). The number of eneuploid lymphocytes increases with increasing age from about 1% to 5-10% and aneuploidy is more common in females than in males (815)(816)(817)(818)(819)(820)(821). This latter difference is due to the most common, and probably also least harmful, change being the loss of one of the X-chromosomes.…”

Section: A13+ No Investigations Of Their Al3+ Content Is Knownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism and possible health effects of aluminum.

Ganrot¹

1986

Environ Health Perspect

203

150

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Literature regarding the biochemistry of aluminum and eight similar ions is reviewed. Close and hitherto unknown similarities were found. A hypothetical model is presented for the metabolism, based on documented direct observations of Al3+ and analogies from other ions. Main characteristics are low intestinal absorption, rapid urinary excretion, and slow tissue uptake, mostly in skeleton and reticuloendothelial cells. Intracellular Al3+ is probably first confined in the lysosomes but then slowly accumulates in the cell nucleus and chromatin. Large, long-lived cells, e.g., neurons, may be the most liable to this accumulation. In heterochromatin, Al3+ levels can be found comparable to those used in leather tannage. It is proposed that an accumulation may take place at a subcellular level without any significant increase in the corresponding tissue concentration. The possible effects of this accumulation are discussed. As Al3+ is neurotoxic, the brain metabolism is most interesting. The normal and the lethally toxic brain levels of Al3+ are well documented and differ only by a factor of 3-10. The normal brain uptake of Al3+ is estimated from data on intestinal uptake of Al3+ and brain uptake of radionuclides of similar ions administered intravenously. The uptake is very slow, 1 mg in 36 years, and is consistent with an assumption that Al3+ taken up by the brain cannot be eliminated and is therefore accumulated. The possibility that Al3+ may cause or contribute to some specific diseases, most of them related to aging, is discussed with the proposed metabolic picture in mind.

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“…Con una tasa de mutaciones de 0,5x10 -10 por sitio nucleotídico (SN), por replicación genómica, con 40 divisiones celulares por generación somática y con 3,2x10 9 SN, cada célula adulta tiene un promedio de 6,4 mutaciones puntuales 30 , de las cuales 3% están en la zona génica del genoma. Las alteraciones cromosómicas (translocaciones, inversiones, deleciones, inserciones) pueden ser más numerosas ya que sus tasas en cultivo varían entre 0,5 y 5% y dependen de la edad del individuo [31][32][33][34] . Estas son subestimaciones ya que las mutaciones puntuales o cromosómicas incompatibles con la vida celular o indetectables por los métodos usados no se conocen 35,36 .…”

Section: éTica De Los Motivos De La Clonaciónunclassified

Ética científica de la clonación humana

Valenzuela

2005

Rev. méd. Chile

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True cloning is fission, budding or other types of asexual reproduction. In humans it occurs in monozygote twinning. This type of cloning is ethically and religiously good. Human cloning can be performed by twinning (TWClo) or nuclear transfer (NTClo). Both methods need a zygote or a nuclear transferred cell, obtained in vitro (IVTec). They are under the IVTec ethics. IVTecs use humans (zygotes, embryos) as drugs or things; increase the risk of malformations; increase development and size of abnormalities and may cause long-term changes. Cloning for preserving extinct (or almost extinct) animals or humans when sexual reproduction is not possible is ethically valid. The previous selection of a phenotype in human cloning violates some ethical principles. NTClo for reproductive or therapeutic purposes is dangerous since it increases the risk for nucleotide or chromosome mutations, de-programming or re-programming errors, aging or malignancy of the embryo cells thus obtained.

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Spontaneous chromosomal aberration levels in human peripheral lymphocytes

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Chromosome analysis of nuclear power plant workers using fluorescence in situ hybridization and Giemsa assay

Chromosome analysis of nuclear power plant workers using fluorescence in situ hybridization and Giemsa assay

Metabolism and possible health effects of aluminum.

Ética científica de la clonación humana

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