SPON1 is an independent prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer

Abstract

Background Ovarian cancer has the worst outcome among gynecological malignancies; therefore, biomarkers that could contribute to the early diagnosis and/or prognosis prediction are urgently required. In the present study, we focused on the secreted protein spondin-1 (SPON1) and clarified the prognostic relevance in ovarian cancer. Methods We developed a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that selectively recognizes SPON1. Using this specific mAb, we determined the expression of SPON1 protein in the normal ovary, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), and ovarian cancer tissues, as well as in various normal adult tissues by immunohistochemistry, and verified its clinicopathological significance in ovarian cancer. Results The normal ovarian tissue was barely positive for SPON1, and no immunoreactive signals were detected in other healthy tissues examined, which was in good agreement with data obtained from gene expression databases. By contrast, upon semi-quantification, 22 of 242 ovarian cancer cases (9.1%) exhibited high SPON1 expression, whereas 64 (26.4%), 87 (36.0%), and 69 (28.5%) cases, which were designated as SPON1-low, possessed the moderate, weak, and negative SPON1 expression, respectively. The STIC tissues also possessed SPON1-positive signals. The 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate in the SPON1-high group (13.6%) was significantly lower than that in the SPON1-low group (51.2%). In addition, high SPON1 expression was significantly associated with several clinicopathological variables. Multivariable analysis revealed that high SPON1 was an independent prognostic factor for RFS of ovarian cancer. Conclusions SPON1 represents a prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer, and the anti-SPON1 mAb could be valuable as an outcome predictor.

Identification of long noncoding RNAs of silkworm at the early stage of Bombyx mori bidensovirus infection

“…shown to be involved in the response of the silkworm after fluoride infestation (Yuxia et al, 2020). In this predicted to involved in the immunological functions of larvae (Zhang, Xue, et al, 2013), another group revealed the expression of Hemagglutinin Neuraminidase (HN, BMSK0000689) upregulates the SAPK/JNK pathway leading to transactivation of c-Jun which in turn activates apoptosis signaling (Rajmani et al, 2015), other genes such as Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate Synthetases 2 (PRPS2, BMSK0012236), Cytosolic 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase (ALDH1L, BMSK0009300), Spondin 1 (SPON1, BMSK0007887), and Cathepsin B (CTSB, BMSK0010120) have been reported to associate with early diagnosis (Liu et al, 2022), development (Krupenko & Krupenko, 2018) and prognosis of cancer (Ma et al, 2022;Miyakawa et al, 2023)…”