Spoligotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Mumbai, India

Genomic interrogation of ancestral Mycobacterium tuberculosis from south India

“…The presence or absence of spacer31 discriminates between the two highly prevalent spoligotypes worldwide, ST 50 & ST 53 with its absence being linked to IS6110 insertional events. While Mumbai study (Kulkarni et al, 2005) showed the presence of one strain of ST 50, we have seen ST 53 in the south Indian region.…”

“…The CAS or Delhi type corresponding to ST26 which predominates in North India (Bhanu et al, 2002, Singh et al, 2004, Kulkarni et al, 2005, Guitierrez et al, 2006) represents 1.02 % of isolates SpolDB4 database. This type has been reported from 34 countries.…”

“…Although one fourth of the global tuberculosis burden stems from India there are a few studies which define the tuberculosis genogroup (Bhanu et al, 2002, Das, et al, 2005, Mistry et al, 2002, Narayanan et al, 1997, Kulkarni et al, 2005, Singh et al, 2004, Radhakrishnan et al, 2001. There has been a population based study from south India on transmission dynamics and risk factors associated with transmission (Narayanan, et al, 2002).…”

Comparison of spoligotyping, mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units typing and IS6110-RFLP in a study of genotypic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Delhi, North India

“…Five of the pseudo-orphan strains were present as single isolates in the five newly-created SITs mentioned previously. Interestingly, as many as 75.2% (76) of the 101 isolates in our study belonged to M. tuberculosis complex lineages, such as CAS, EAI and Manu, that are known to have a high specificity for the Indian subcontinent (Bhanu et al 2002, Mistry et al 2002, Kulkarni et al 2005, Brudey et al 2006, Mathuria et al 2008. The remaining 24.8% (25/101) of isolates belonged to the following clades: T (7/101), Beijing (6/101), LAM (3/101), H (3/101) and unknown (6/101).…”

“…Furthermore, IS6110 typing is labour intensive and requires several weeks for culturing the M. tuberculosis isolates. Fingerprinting methods targeting polymorphic spacer sequences in the direct repeat (DR) region, including spoligotyping, have been used in some regions in India (Mistry et al 2002, Singh et al 2004, Kulkarni et al 2005, Mathuria et al 2008, Narayanan et al 2008. However, when used alone, these methods may underestimate the clonal diversity of M. tuberculosis (Kremer et al 1999).…”