Spirometry and oxidative stress after rebreather diving in warm water

Bosco, Gerardo; Rizzato, Alex; Quartesan, Silvia; Camporesi, Enrico; Mrakic‐Sposta, Simona; Moretti, Sarah; Balestra, Costantino; Rubini, Alessandro

doi:10.22462/03.04.2018.6

Cited by 25 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…Samples were read in duplicate at a wavelength of 512 nm. This method has been previously described [ 12 , 14 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urinary creatinine and neopterin concentrations were measured by isocratic high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods have been previously described [ 12 , 14 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under normal physiological conditions, approximately 1.2% of inspired O 2 is converted to reactive oxygen species (ROS), and hyperoxia increases this amount [ 7 ]. As suggested by previous works on hyperbaric hyperoxic exposure in mammalians [ 8 , 9 , 10 ] challenging variations in PO 2 are known to induce inflammation [ 9 , 11 , 12 ] and increased ROS production. These byproducts exacerbate oxidative stress and damage cell structures, specifically proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

Mrakic‐Sposta

Vezzoli

D'Alessandro

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Saturation diving allows divers to reduce the risk of decompression sickness while working at depth for prolonged periods but may increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Such modifications can affect endothelial function by exacerbating oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of saturation diving on oxidative stress damage. Redox status was evaluated through: ROS production; total antioxidant capacity (TAC); nitric oxide metabolites (NOx); nitrotyrosine (3-NT); and lipid peroxidation (8-iso-PGF2α) assessment. Creatinine and neopterin were analyzed as markers of renal function and damage. Measurements were performed on saliva and urine samples obtained at four time points: pre; deep; post; and 24 h post. Four divers were included in the study. After the saturation dive (post), significant (p < 0.05) increases in ROS (0.12 ± 0.03 vs. 0.36 ± 0.06 µmol.min−1), TAC (1.88 ± 0.03 vs. 2.01 ± 0.08 mM), NOx (207.0 ± 103.3 vs. 441.8 ± 97.3 µM), 3-NT (43.32 ± 18.03 vs. 18.64 ± 7.45 nM·L−1), and 8-iso-PGF2α (249.7 ± 45.1 vs. 371.9 ± 54.9 pg·mg−1 creatinine) were detected. Markers of renal damage were increased as well after the end of the saturation dive (creatinine 0.54 ± 0.22 vs. 2.72 ± 1.12 g-L−1; neopterin 73.3 ± 27.9 vs. 174.3 ± 20.53 μmol·mol−1 creatinine). These results could ameliorate commercial or military diving protocols or improve the understanding of symptoms caused by oxygen level elevation.

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“…Samples were read in duplicate at a wavelength of 512 nm. This method has been previously described [ 12 , 14 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urinary creatinine and neopterin concentrations were measured by isocratic high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods have been previously described [ 12 , 14 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

Mrakic‐Sposta

Vezzoli

D'Alessandro

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Lipid peroxidation was assessed in urine by competitive immunoassay measuring 8-isoprostane concentration (8-iso-PGF2a) (Cayman Chemical, USA). The method was previously described (Bosco et al 2018).…”

Section: -Isoprostanementioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Motion Sickness during Offshore Sailing

Giacon¹,

Bosco²,

Vezzoli³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose: Offshore Ocean Sailing is a highly demanding activity in which subjects are exposed to psychophysical stressors for a long time. To better define the physiological adaptations, we investigated the stress response of subjects exposed to 3-days long ocean navigation with disruption of circadian rhythms.Methods: 6 male subjects were involved in the study and provided urine and saliva samples before setting sail, during a single day of inshore sailing, during 3-days long ocean navigation, and at the arrival, to measure oxidative stress, cortisol, nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) and metabolic response. Motion Sickness questionnaires were also administered.Results: The crew suffered a mean weight loss of 1.58 Kg. After the long navigation, a significant increase in ROS production and decreased antioxidant capacity and uric acid levels were observed. Lipid peroxidation, NOx, ketones, creatinine, and neopterin levels were also increased. A significant increase in cortisol levels was recorded, but no correlation was found with motion sickness questionnaires that were instead correlated with the rise of NOx.Conclusions: physical and psychological stress response derived from offshore sailing resulted in increased oxidative stress, nitric oxide metabolites, and cortisol levels, unbalanced redox status, transient renal function impairment, and ketosis. A direct correlation between motion sickness symptoms evaluated through questionnaires and NOx levels was also found.

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“…The use of enriched air can result in oxidative stress affecting cardiorespiratory and vascular systems as it has been reported during CCR diving (Bosco et al, 2018). In general, in chronic disorders associated with oxidative stress (diabetes, cardiovascular (ischemic) disorders, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Heart Rate Variability During a Standard Dive: A Role for Inspired Oxygen Pressure?

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Heart rate variability (HRV) during underwater diving has been infrequently investigated because of environment limitations and technical challenges. This study aims to analyze HRV changes while diving at variable hyperoxia when using open circuit (OC) air diving apparatus or at constant hyperoxia using a closed-circuit rebreather (CCR). We used HRV analysis in time and frequency domain adding nonlinear analysis which is more adapted to short-time analysis and less dependent on respiratory rate (Sinus respiratory arrhythmia).Materials and Methods: 18 males, 12 using OC (30 mfw for 20 min) and 6 using CCR (30 mfw for 40 min.). HRV was recorded using a polar recorder. Four samples of R-R intervals representing the dive were saved for HRV analysis. Standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), square root of the mean squared differences between successive RR intervals (rMSSD), and average RR intervals (RR) in time-domain; low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) in frequency domain were investigated. Nonlinear analysis included fractal dimension (FrD).Results: SDNN and rMSSD were significantly increased during descent and at depth with OC, not with CCR. Mean RR interval was longer at depth with OC, but only during ascent and after the dive with CCR. HF power was higher than baseline during the descent both with OC and CCR and remained elevated at depth for OC. The LF/HF ratio was significantly lower than baseline for descent and at depth with both OC and CCR. After 30 min of recovery, the LF/HF ratio was higher than baseline with both OC and CCR. Nonlinear analysis detected differences at depth for OC and CCR.Discussion: Increased parasympathetic tone was present during diving. RR duration, SDNN; rMSSD, HF spectral power all increased during the dive above pre-dive levels. Conversely, HF power decreased (and the LF/HF increased) 30 min after the dive. Using FrD, a difference was detected between OC and CCR, which may be related to differences in partial pressure of oxygen breathed during the dive.

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Spirometry and oxidative stress after rebreather diving in warm water

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

Oxidative Stress and Motion Sickness during Offshore Sailing

Heart Rate Variability During a Standard Dive: A Role for Inspired Oxygen Pressure?

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