Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

Mrakic‐Sposta, Simona; Vezzoli, Alessandra; D'Alessandro, Federica; Paganini, Matteo; Dellanoce, Cinzia; Cialoni, Danilo; Bosco, Gerardo

doi:10.3390/ijerph17197118

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Approximately 1 mL of saliva was obtained by Salivette devices (Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany). The subjects were instructed on the correct use of the devices [ 34 ]. Samples were spun down, aliquoted, and stored.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, MicroRNA, and Hemoglobin Variations after Administration of Oxygen at Different Pressures and Concentrations: A Randomized Trial

Bosco

Paganini

Giacon

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Exercise generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), creating a redox imbalance towards oxidation when inadequately intense. Normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) breathed while not exercising induces antioxidant enzymes expression, but literature is still poor. Twenty-two athletes were assigned to five groups: controls; 30%, or 50% O2; 100% O2 (HBO) at 1.5 or 2.5 atmosphere absolute (ATA). Twenty treatments were administered on non-training days. Biological samples were collected at T0 (baseline), T1 (end of treatments), and T2 (1 month after) to assess ROS, antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation, redox (amino-thiols) and inflammatory (IL-6, 10, TNF-α) status, renal function (i.e., neopterin), miRNA, and hemoglobin. At T1, O2 mixtures and HBO induced an increase of ROS, lipid peroxidation and decreased TAC, counterbalanced at T2. Furthermore, 50% O2 and HBO treatments determined a reduced state in T2. Neopterin concentration increased at T1 breathing 50% O2 and HBO at 2.5 ATA. The results suggest that 50% O2 treatment determined a reduced state in T2; HBO at 1.5 and 2.5 ATA similarly induced protective mechanisms against ROS, despite the latter could expose the body to higher ROS levels and neopterin concentrations. HBO resulted in increased Hb levels and contributed to immunomodulation by regulating interleukin and miRNA expression.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, MicroRNA, and Hemoglobin Variations after Administration of Oxygen at Different Pressures and Concentrations: A Randomized Trial

Bosco

Paganini

Giacon

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Creatinine, neopterin, and urates are widely accepted as robust biomarkers of renal function [29]. They have been reported to be sensitive to physical exercise, especially aerobic, in association to a mitigation of adverse effects of sedentary behavior, hypertension, and other pathologies [30].…”

Section: A 5-week Mild Exercise Plan Under Altered Oxygen Concentrations Affects Functional Kidney Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ROS production rate and the TAC were determined as already performed by some of the authors on plasma [29,[73][74][75][76][77].…”

Section: Redox Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxic and Hyperoxic Breathing as a Complement to Low-Intensity Physical Exercise Programs: A Proof-of-Principle Study

Balestra

Lambrechts

Mrakic‐Sposta

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Inflammation is an adaptive response to both external and internal stimuli including infection, trauma, surgery, ischemia-reperfusion, or malignancy. A number of studies indicate that physical activity is an effective means of reducing acute systemic and low-level inflammation occurring in different pathological conditions and in the recovery phase after disease. As a proof-of-principle, we hypothesized that low-intensity workout performed under modified oxygen supply would elicit a “metabolic exercise” inducing a hormetic response, increasing the metabolic load and oxidative stress with the same overall effect expected after a higher intensity or charge exercise. Herein, we report the effect of a 5-week low-intensity, non-training, exercise program in a group of young healthy subjects in combination with the exposure to hyperoxia (30% and 100% pO2, respectively) or light hypoxia (15% pO2) during workout sessions on several inflammation and oxidative stress parameters, namely hemoglobin (Hb), redox state, nitric oxide metabolite (NOx), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), inflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10), and renal functional biomarkers (creatinine, neopterin, and urates). We confirmed our previous reports demonstrating that intermittent hyperoxia induces the normobaric oxygen paradox (NOP), a response overlapping the exposure to hypoxia. Our data also suggest that the administration of modified air composition is an expedient complement to a light physical exercise program to achieve a significant modulation of inflammatory and immune parameters, including cytokines expression, iNOS activity, and oxidative stress parameters. This strategy can be of pivotal interest in all those conditions characterized by the inability to achieve a sufficient workload intensity, such as severe cardiovascular alterations and articular injuries failing to effectively gain a significant improvement of physical capacity.

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“…Human studies have demonstrated increased expression of antioxidant enzymes in healthy uneventful scuba diving, including upregulation of catalase ( CAT ), superoxide dismutase 1 ( SOD1 ), and glutathione synthetase ( GSS ) ( Kiboub et al, 2018 ; Perović et al, 2018 ). Additionally, diving triggers the development of a systemic proinflammatory state through altered regulation of genes in immune pathways ( Tillmans et al, 2019 ; Mrakic-Sposta et al, 2020 ). Similarly, freediving elicits changes in the leukocyte transcriptome, with an increase in neutrophil granulocytes and a decrease of cytotoxic lymphocytes possibly driven by hypoxia ( Eftedal et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects on the Human Peripheral Blood Transcriptome of Decompression Sickness Secondary to Scuba Diving

et al. 2021

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Decompression sickness (DCS) develops due to inert gas bubble formation in bodily tissues and in the circulation, leading to a wide range of potentially serious clinical manifestations. Its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. In this study, we aim to explore changes in the human leukocyte transcriptome in divers with DCS compared to closely matched unaffected controls after uneventful diving. Cases (n = 7) were divers developing the typical cutis marmorata rash after diving with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of DCS. Controls (n = 6) were healthy divers who surfaced from a ≥25 msw dive without decompression violation or evidence of DCS. Blood was sampled at two separate time points—within 8 h of dive completion and 40–44 h later. Transcriptome analysis by RNA-Sequencing followed by bioinformatic analysis was carried out to identify differentially expressed genes and relate their function to biological pathways. In DCS cases, we identified enrichment of transcripts involved in acute inflammation, activation of innate immunity and free radical scavenging pathways, with specific upregulation of transcripts related to neutrophil function and degranulation. DCS-induced transcriptomic events were reversed at the second time point following exposure to hyperbaric oxygen. The observed changes are consistent with findings from animal models of DCS and highlight a continuum between the responses elicited by uneventful diving and diving complicated by DCS. This study sheds light on the inflammatory pathophysiology of DCS and the associated immune response. Such data may potentially be valuable in the search for novel treatments targeting this disease.

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Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, MicroRNA, and Hemoglobin Variations after Administration of Oxygen at Different Pressures and Concentrations: A Randomized Trial

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, MicroRNA, and Hemoglobin Variations after Administration of Oxygen at Different Pressures and Concentrations: A Randomized Trial

Hypoxic and Hyperoxic Breathing as a Complement to Low-Intensity Physical Exercise Programs: A Proof-of-Principle Study

Acute Effects on the Human Peripheral Blood Transcriptome of Decompression Sickness Secondary to Scuba Diving

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