Spirometric reference values for children and adolescents from Kazakhstan

Facchini, Fiorenzo; Fiori, Giovanni; Bedogni, Giorgio; Galletti, Livia; Ismagulov, Orazak; Ismagulova, Ainagul; Sharmanov, Turegeldy; Tsoy, Igor; Belcastro, Maria Giovanna; Rizzoli, Sara; Goldoni, Matteo

doi:10.1080/03014460701556346

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Therefore, in order to obtain prediction equations applicable through childhood to adolescent, age factor must be included. Majority of the recent reports on spirometric prediction equations including adolescent ages employ age and height as predictors and a wide variety of regression models have been applied 9, 10, 16–21. In Japan, Tamura et al22 recently reported reference equations for young Japanese employing age and height as predictors, and they also developed reference equations commonly applicable from children to adults 23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of claudin‐3 and claudin‐4 receptors in uterine serous papillary carcinoma

Santin

Bellone

Marizzoni

et al. 2007

Cancer

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BACKGROUND.Uterine serous papillary carcinoma (USPC) represents a highly aggressive variant of endometrial cancer. Using gene expression profiling, we recently identified high expression of the claudin‐3 and claudin‐4 receptors in a limited set of USPC. These tight junction proteins represent the low‐ and high‐affinity receptors, respectively, for the cytotoxic Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) and are sufficient to mediate CPE binding and trigger subsequent toxin‐mediated cytolysis. The potential for targeting this pathway in the treatment of USPC was explored.METHODS.Claudin‐3 and claudin‐4 receptor expression was analyzed at the mRNA and protein levels in flash‐frozen and formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue from 20 consecutive USPC patients. The potential of recombinant CPE as a novel therapy against primary, metastatic, and chemotherapy‐resistant USPC cell lines was also investigated in vitro. Finally, the in vivo therapeutic effect of sublethal doses of CPE was studied in SCID mouse xenografts harboring subcutaneous and intraperitoneal USPC that expressed claudin‐3 and claudin‐4.RESULTS.In all, 100% (20 out of 20) of the primary flash‐frozen USPC tested overexpressed 1 or both CPE receptors by quantitative reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Membranous immunoreactivity for claudin‐4 protein expression was documented in the majority of USPC specimens tested by immunohistochemistry, whereas only a low level of membranous staining was found in normal endometrial control tissue samples. When primary and metastatic short‐term USPC cell lines were incubated with different concentrations of CPE in vitro, a dose‐dependent cytotoxic effect was demonstrated. In vivo, intratumoral injections of well‐tolerated doses of CPE in large subcutaneous USPC xenografts led to large areas of tumor cell necrosis and tumor disappearance in all the treated animals, whereas sublethal intraperitoneal injections of CPE had a significant inhibitory effect on tumor progression, with extended survival of animals harboring chemotherapy‐resistant intra‐abdominal USPC carcinomatosis.CONCLUSIONS.Claudin‐3 and claudin‐4 receptors may offer promising targets for the use of CPE as a novel type‐specific therapy against this highly aggressive and chemotherapy‐resistant variant of endometrial cancer. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of claudin‐3 and claudin‐4 receptors in uterine serous papillary carcinoma

Santin

Bellone

Marizzoni

et al. 2007

Cancer

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“…In this context, for the diagnosis, classification, and tracking of the MEF in children and adolescents, it is necessary to have specific reference values for a population. Based on the current research literature, various studies exist that have developed regression equations to determine the MEF of children and adolescents ( Knudson et al, 1983 ; Facchini et al, 2007 ; Gutiérrez et al, 2014 ). In different countries around the world, other researchers have proposed percentiles based on age, height, and sex ( Cobos-Barroso, Reverté-Bover & Liñán-Cortés, 1996 ; Bianchi & Baiardi, 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference norms for evaluating maximum expiratory flow of children and adolescents of the Maule Region in Chile

Cossío-Bolaños

Andruske²,

Arruda

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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BackgroundThe norms for evaluating the maximum expiratory flow (MEF) usually are developed according to chronological age and height. However, to date, little research has been conducted using reference values that take into account the temporal changes of biological maturation. The objectives of this study were to (a) compare the MEF with those of other international studies, (b) align the MEF values with chronological and biological age, and (c) propose reference standards for children and adolescents.MethodsThe sample studied consisted of 3,566 students of both sexes (1,933 males and 1,633 females) ranging in age from 5.0 to 17.9 years old. Weight, standing height, and sitting height were measured. Body mass index was calculated. Biological maturation was predicted by using age of peak height velocity growth (APHV). MEF (L/min) was obtained by using a forced expiratory manoeuvre. Percentiles were calculated using the LMS method.Results and DiscussionPredicted APHV was at age 14.77 ± 0.78 years for males and for females at age 12.74 ± 1.0 years. Biological age was more useful than chronological age for assessing MEF in both sexes. Based on these findings, regional percentiles were created to diagnose and monitor the risk of asthma and the general expiratory status of paediatric populations.

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“…In the past 3 yrs reference equations have been published for: Brazilian adults [27], Polish adults [28], Chinese adults [29], Kazakh adolescents [30], Italian adults [31], and young children [32,33]. However, the abundance of unrelated studies can introduce new complexities, not least because most are not generalisable to any other population than the one in which they were collected.…”

Section: What Is New?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference values for lung function: past, present and future

Stanojevic¹,

Wade²,

Stocks³

2010

European Respiratory Journal

224

230

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Reliable interpretation of pulmonary function results relies on the availability of appropriate reference data to help distinguish between health and disease and to assess the severity and nature of any functional impairment.The overwhelming number of published reference equations, with at least 15 published for spirometry alone in the past 3 yrs, complicates the selection of an appropriate reference. The use of inappropriate reference equations and misinterpretation, even when potentially appropriate equations are used, can lead to serious errors in both under and over diagnosis, with its associated burden in terms of financial and human costs.Further misdiagnosis occurs when fixed cut-offs, such as 80% predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) or 0.70 FEV1/forced vital capacity, are used; particularly in young children and elderly adults. While per cent predicted has historically been used to interpret lung function results, z-scores are more appropriate as they take into account the predicted value, as well as the between-subject variability of measurements.We aim to highlight some of the main issues in selecting and using reference equations and discuss how recent developments may improve interpretation of pulmonary function results.

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Spirometric reference values for children and adolescents from Kazakhstan

Abstract: Anthropometry was the most important predictor of spirometry. Age and ethnicity were also predictors, while the contribution of the living environment was more limited.

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Overexpression of claudin‐3 and claudin‐4 receptors in uterine serous papillary carcinoma

Overexpression of claudin‐3 and claudin‐4 receptors in uterine serous papillary carcinoma

Reference norms for evaluating maximum expiratory flow of children and adolescents of the Maule Region in Chile

Reference values for lung function: past, present and future

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