2009
DOI: 10.1037/a0015775
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Spiritual struggle related to plasma interleukin-6 prior to cardiac surgery.

Abstract: Spiritual struggle appeared consistently to predict poor health outcomes, including mortality. Despite surging interest in the health benefits of religion and spirituality, the health hassle of existential conflicts and proinflammatory cytokines as a potential physiological mechanism has been overlooked. Based on psychological and theological assumptions, we argue for the universal nature of spiritual struggle, a crisis-related existential conflict, and for investigating its physiological influence as essentia… Show more

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Cited by 55 publications
(65 citation statements)
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“…Non-significant associations were found in a variety of populations: adults undergoing cardiac surgery [28], African American women reporting a history of partner violence [29], Jewish and Christian clergy [39], older adults in residential care [33], students attending private Catholic middle schools [36], and undergraduates at a private Catholic university [40]. A significant positive association between PRC and NRC was found in only a handful of studies using the following populations: Christian undergraduates at an urban university (r = 0.25) [41], a community sample of U.K. adults (r = 0.60) [27], caregivers of terminally ill cancer patients (r = 0.20) [32], and advanced cancer patients (for high PRC predicting use of NRC: OR = 3.61) [22].…”
Section: Relationship Between Prc and Nrc Scalesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Non-significant associations were found in a variety of populations: adults undergoing cardiac surgery [28], African American women reporting a history of partner violence [29], Jewish and Christian clergy [39], older adults in residential care [33], students attending private Catholic middle schools [36], and undergraduates at a private Catholic university [40]. A significant positive association between PRC and NRC was found in only a handful of studies using the following populations: Christian undergraduates at an urban university (r = 0.25) [41], a community sample of U.K. adults (r = 0.60) [27], caregivers of terminally ill cancer patients (r = 0.20) [32], and advanced cancer patients (for high PRC predicting use of NRC: OR = 3.61) [22].…”
Section: Relationship Between Prc and Nrc Scalesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Brief RCOPE has demonstrated good internal consistency in a number of studies across widely differing samples that included patients undergoing cardiac surgery [28], African American women with a history of partner violence [29], cancer patients [30,31], caregivers for cancer patients [32], a community sample of U.K. adults [27], older adults in residential care [33], outpatients with alcohol use disorders [34], HIV patients [35], Catholic middle school students [36], and a sample of residents in Massachusetts and New York City following 9/11 [37]. The median alpha for the PRC scale was 0.92.…”
Section: Internal Consistencymentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Finally, the 7-item negative religious coping (NRC) subscale of the brief RCOPE [32] was administered (score range 0 -21) to assess religious struggles that caregivers might experience. This measure predicts an increased risk of mortality [33] and has been associated with higher pro-inflammatory cytokine levels [34].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such studies included patients undergoing cardiac surgery (Ai et al 2009), cancer patients (Cole 2005;Sherman et al 2005); caregivers for cancer patients (Pearce et al 2006), outpatients with alcohol use disorders (Piderman et al 2007), HIV patients (Tsevat et al 2009). These promising results and the relevance to have a shorter scale to measure spiritual religious coping encouraged us to validate the Brief RCOPE to be used in the Brazilian context.…”
Section: Theoretical Background and Literature Review On Spiritual/rementioning
confidence: 99%