Spinning Reserve Capacity Optimization of a Power System When Considering Wind Speed Correlation

Abstract

Usually, the optimal spinning reserve is studied by considering the balance between the economy and reliability of a power system. However, the uncertainties from the errors of load and wind power output forecasting have seldom been considered. In this paper, the optimal spinning reserve capacity of a power grid considering the wind speed correlation is investigated by Nataf transformation. According to the cost-benefit analysis method, the objective function for describing the optimal spinning reserve capacity is established, which considers the power cost, reserve cost, and expected cost of power outages. The model was solved by the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm, based on stochastic simulation. Furthermore, the impact of the related factors on the optimal spinning reserve capacity is analyzed by a test system. From the simulation results, the model and algorithm are proved to be feasible. The method provided in this paper offers a useful tool for the dispatcher when increasing wind energy is integrated into power systems.

Tracing spinning reserve inadequacy risk via hybrid importance sampling with an optimised partially collapsed Gibbs sampler

“…Operating reserve planning accounting for probabilistic factors can be traced back to 1963 [2], and since that period, the literature has documented several operating reserve planning schemes to economically hedging against outage risk, especially for renewable energy systems in recent passing years [3–8]. Profiting from the rapid development of advanced computation techniques and equipment, contemporary power systems can be safeguarded with operating reserve of coordinated response abilities against a broad spectrum of contingencies, that is precisely why hazardous blackout has been compressed to be much rare.…”

“…Operating reserve planning accounting for probabilistic factors can be traced back to 1963 [2], and since that period, the literature has documented several operating reserve planning schemes to economically hedging against outage risk, especially for renewable energy systems in recent passing years [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…However, we have already witnessed grave blackout consequences of complex power systems initiated by unpredictable rare contingencies, for example equipment decay or human-produced or natural hazards [1]. One recognised reason for spawning the observed rare initiators successful evolving into blackout essentially comes down to the lack of awareness of flexible operating reserve backing up very rare supply deficit.Operating reserve planning accounting for probabilistic factors can be traced back to 1963 [2], and since that period, the literature has documented several operating reserve planning schemes to economically hedging against outage risk, especially for renewable energy systems in recent passing years [3][4][5][6][7][8].This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.…”

Dynamic Multi-Objective Dispatch Considering Wind Power and Electric Vehicles With Probabilistic Characteristics

“…Reference [10] found that system generation capacity may be influenced by multipliers related to the risk of overestimation as well as the cost of underestimating the available wind power. Moreover, the optimal spinning reserve cost of a wind power system can be used to evaluate the influence of wind power on the selection of the spinning reserve level of a power system [11], [12]. Reference [13], [14] found that as the wind power capacity increased, the system increased the amount of reserve carried or faced a measurable decrease in reliability.…”