Spin-Torque Microwave Detectors

Microwave detectors based on the spin-torque diode effect

“…Below we present a theoretical description of the noise properties of a passive (no dc bias current) resonance-type STMD using the model developed in [17] with additional terms describing the influence of thermal fluctuations. The results presented below are expanded and are complementary to the results presented in [19,20].…”

“…In this section of the paper we analyze the influence of temperature T on the performance of a passive STMD, namely, we studied the temperature dependences of the STMD sensitivity res [17], signal-to-noise ratio SNR, and minimum detectable microwave power min [50 ] P [19,20]. We believe that the developed formalism can be used for the optimization of the practical operational parameters of an STMD in a wide range of temperatures.…”

“…In our calculations we used the following typical parameters of the Ni 80 Fe 20 7.65 10 , K -1 [23], equilibrium resistance of an STMD R 0 (300 K) = 1 k , the Curie temperature T C = 822 K [25], power coefficient 0.4. All the other parameters are presented in Sec.…”

Detection of Spin Waves in Permalloy Using Planar Hall Effect

“…Among the effects that allow one to electrically detect magnetization dynamics in magnetics the rectification effects, that are caused by the nonlinear coupling between the spin and charge dynamics and provide resultant signal in the form of a DC voltage, play a particularly important role, since they are sensitive not only to the geometric configuration of the detected microwave fields, but also to the phase and angular relations between the microwave fields and currents [7]. These effects can be used for the detailed probing of the magnetization dynamics in magnetic micro-and nano-structures [8] and, also, for the development of ultra-sensitive microwave detectors [9][10][11], demodulation of amplitude-modulated microwave signals [12], and for non-destructive testing [13].Here we present experimental evidence that another effect caused by the spin-orbital interaction, namely, the planar Hall effect (PHE) [14,15], can be successfully used for the detection and rectification of microwave signals exciting the oscillating magnetization dynamics in magnetic metals. In this case, the dependence of the detected DC voltage on the angle between the microwave magnetic field h(t), causing the effect, and the bias magnetic field H, magnetizing the magnetic metal, is qualitatively different from the angular dependence of the rectification voltage caused by the anisotropic magnetoresitance [2,14,16,17].…”

“…Among the effects that allow one to electrically detect magnetization dynamics in magnetics the rectification effects, that are caused by the nonlinear coupling between the spin and charge dynamics and provide resultant signal in the form of a DC voltage, play a particularly important role, since they are sensitive not only to the geometric configuration of the detected microwave fields, but also to the phase and angular relations between the microwave fields and currents [7]. These effects can be used for the detailed probing of the magnetization dynamics in magnetic micro-and nano-structures [8] and, also, for the development of ultra-sensitive microwave detectors [9][10][11], demodulation of amplitude-modulated microwave signals [12], and for non-destructive testing [13].…”