Sphingolipid-mediated Signalling in Plants,

Ng, Carl

doi:10.1006/anbo.2001.1543

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…In budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and mammals, VLCFAs and lipids (VLCFA derivatives) are thought to act as ligands for transcription factors, and are possibly involved in regulating the expression of target genes (Black et al, 2000;Duplus et al, 2000;Dhe-Paganon et al, 2002). The VLCFA-derived sphingolipids and their metabolites are thought to have important signaling roles in plants as well (Ng and Hetherington, 2001;Worrall et al, 2003;Dunn et al, 2004). It was also reported that the expression of some auxin-related genes is concomitantly decreased or increased in rice mutants defective in genes encoding VLCFA biosynthesis enzymes Tsuda et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Biosynthesis Is Promoted by Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids during Lysigenous Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots

et al. 2015

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In rice (Oryza sativa) roots, lysigenous aerenchyma, which is created by programmed cell death and lysis of cortical cells, is constitutively formed under aerobic conditions, and its formation is further induced under oxygen-deficient conditions. Ethylene is involved in the induction of aerenchyma formation. reduced culm number1 (rcn1) is a rice mutant in which the gene encoding the ATP-binding cassette transporter RCN1/OsABCG5 is defective. Here, we report that the induction of aerenchyma formation was reduced in roots of rcn1 grown in stagnant deoxygenated nutrient solution (i.e. under stagnant conditions, which mimic oxygen-deficient conditions in waterlogged soils). 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) is a key enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis. Stagnant conditions hardly induced the expression of ACS1 in rcn1 roots, resulting in low ethylene production in the roots. Accumulation of saturated very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) of 24, 26, and 28 carbons was reduced in rcn1 roots. Exogenously supplied VLCFA (26 carbons) increased the expression level of ACS1 and induced aerenchyma formation in rcn1 roots. Moreover, in rice lines in which the gene encoding a fatty acid elongase, CUT1-LIKE (CUT1L; a homolog of the gene encoding Arabidopsis CUT1, which is required for cuticular wax production), was silenced, both ACS1 expression and aerenchyma formation were reduced. Interestingly, the expression of ACS1, CUT1L, and RCN1/OsABCG5 was induced predominantly in the outer part of roots under stagnant conditions. These results suggest that, in rice under oxygen-deficient conditions, VLCFAs increase ethylene production by promoting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid biosynthesis in the outer part of roots, which, in turn, induces aerenchyma formation in the root cortex.Aerenchyma formation is a morphological adaptation of plants to complete submergence and waterlogging of the soil, and facilitates internal gas diffusion (Armstrong,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Biosynthesis Is Promoted by Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids during Lysigenous Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots

et al. 2015

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“…Alkamides are structurally related to sphingolipids such as ceramide and sphingosine (Ng and Hetherington, 2001;Ramírez-Chávez et al, 2004), and to NAEs, of which the latter are likely produced by hydrolysis of the membrane phospholipid N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine by phospholipase D (Chapman, 2000;Ló pezBucio et al, 2006). In animals, this reaction is part of the endocannabinoid-signaling pathway, which regulates a variety of physiological processes, including cell proliferation, neurotransmission, and embryo development (Howlett and Mukhopadhyay, 2000;Wilson and Nicoll, 2002).…”

Section: Alkamides and Naes: Evidence For Endocannabinoid Signaling Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinin Receptors Are Involved in Alkamide Regulation of Root and Shoot Development in Arabidopsis

et al. 2007

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Alkamides and N-acilethanolamides are a class of lipid compounds related to animal endocannabinoids of wide distribution in plants. We investigated the structural features required for alkamides to regulate plant development by comparing the root responses of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings to a range of natural and synthetic compounds. The length of the acyl chain and the amide moiety were found to play a crucial role in their biological activity. From the different compounds tested, N-isobutyl decanamide, a small saturated alkamide, was found to be the most active in regulating primary root growth and lateral root formation. Proliferative-promoting activity of alkamide treatment was evidenced by formation of callus-like structures in primary roots, ectopic blades along petioles of rosette leaves, and disorganized tumorous tissue originating from the leaf lamina. Ectopic organ formation by N-isobutyl decanamide treatment was related to altered expression of the cell division marker CycB1:uidA and an enhanced expression of the cytokinin-inducible marker ARR5:uidA both in roots and in shoots. The involvement of cytokinins in mediating the observed activity of alkamides was tested using Arabidopsis mutants lacking one, two, or three of the putative cytokinin receptors CRE1, AHK2, and AHK3. The triple cytokinin receptor mutant was insensitive to N-isobutyl decanamide treatment, showing absence of callus-like structures in roots, the lack of lateral root proliferation, and absence of ectopic outgrowths in leaves under elevated levels of this alkamide. Taken together our results suggest that alkamides and N-acylethanolamides may belong to a class of endogenous signaling compounds that interact with a cytokinin-signaling pathway to control meristematic activity and differentiation processes during plant development.

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“…In plants, the disruption of sphingolipid metabolism affects plant growth and development (Zheng et al, 2005; Imamura et al, 2007; Chen et al, 2008; Dietrich et al, 2008; Chao et al, 2011; Wu et al, 2015), as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses (Ng and Hetherington, 2001; Ng et al, 2001; Lynch and Dunn, 2004; Lynch et al, 2009). S1P and other sphingolipids play important roles in multiple abiotic stress responses, especially in the drought stress response (Ng et al, 2001; Coursol et al, 2003, 2005; Ryan et al, 2007; Worrall et al, 2008; Quist et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Rice OsLCB2a1 Gene and Functional Analysis of its Role in Insect Resistance

et al. 2016

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In plants, sphingolipids, such as long-chain bases (LCBs), act as bioactive molecules in stress responses. Until now, it is still not clear if these lipids are involved in biotic stress responses to herbivore. Herein we report that a rice LCB gene, OsLCB2a1 encoding a subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), a key enzyme responsible for the de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids, plays a critical role in plant defense response to the brown planthopper (BPH) attack and that its up-regulation protects plants from herbivore infestation. Transcripts of OsLCB2a1 gene in rice seedlings were increased at 4 h, but decreased at 8–24 h after BPH attack. Sphingolipid measurement profiling revealed that overexpression of OsLCB2a1 in Arabidopsis thaliana increased trihydroxylated LCB phytosphingosine (t18:0) and phytoceramide by 1.7 and 1.3-fold, respectively, compared with that of wild type (WT) plants. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants also showed higher callose and wax deposition in leaves than that of WT. Overexpression of OsLCB2a1 gene in A. thaliana reduced the population size of green peach aphid (Myzus persicae). Moreover, the electrical penetration graph (EPG) results indicated that the aphids encounter resistance factors while reaching for the phloem on the transgenic plants. The defense response genes related to salicylic acid signaling pathway, remained uplgulated in the OsLCB2a1-overexpressing transgenic plants. Our data highlight the key functions of OsLCB2a1 in biotic stress response in plants.

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Sphingolipid-mediated Signalling in Plants,

Cited by 45 publications

References 81 publications

Ethylene Biosynthesis Is Promoted by Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids during Lysigenous Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots

Ethylene Biosynthesis Is Promoted by Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids during Lysigenous Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots

Cytokinin Receptors Are Involved in Alkamide Regulation of Root and Shoot Development in Arabidopsis

Molecular Characterization of Rice OsLCB2a1 Gene and Functional Analysis of its Role in Insect Resistance

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