Sphincter of Oddi regulates flow by acting as a variable resistor to flow

Yf, Liu; Saccone, G. T. P.; Thune, Anders; Baker, Robert A.; Harvey, J. A.; Toouli, James

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1992.263.5.g683

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Atropine reduces SO motility in a dose‐dependent manner, 36,37 affecting primarily phasic contraction frequency and amplitude. The major SO motility parameter that is central to the regulation of TSF is SO basal pressure 19 . In the present study, atropine alone did not influence TSF, presumably because of an insignificant change in SO basal pressure.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Sphincter of Oddi function in the Australian brush‐tailed possum is inhibited by intragastric ethanol

Sonoda

Kawamoto

Woods

et al. 2007

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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The role of sphincter of Oddi (SO) function in alcoholic acute pancreatitis (AP) is unclear. We aimed to compare the effect of i.v. and intragastric (IG) ethanol on SO function (i.e. trans-sphincteric flow; TSF) and investigate possible neural mechanisms. The involvement of gastric mucosal damage was also investigated by pretreatment with pantoprazole. In anaesthetized Australian possums, blood pressure (BP), TSF and blood ethanol concentrations were measured after i.v. or IG ethanol. Possums were subjected to acute vagotomy, atropine, L-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or pantoprazole pretreatment prior to IG ethanol. BP was not significantly altered by ethanol. Ethanol decreased TSF in a dose and route-dependent manner. The lowest dose of IG ethanol reduced TSF but this response was not duplicated by i.v. ethanol producing the same blood ethanol concentrations. Acute vagotomy, atropine or L-NAME pretreatment blocked the ethanol-induced decrease in TSF and simultaneously suppressed the blood ethanol concentration. Pantoprazole pretreatment reduced the TSF response and blood ethanol concentrations implicating mechanisms induced by gastric mucosal damage. We conclude that ethanol (and/or its metabolites) reduces TSF via humoral and neural mechanisms involving vagal pathways, muscarinic receptors and nitric oxide. Reduced TSF could contribute to the onset of AP.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Sphincter of Oddi function in the Australian brush‐tailed possum is inhibited by intragastric ethanol

Sonoda

Kawamoto

Woods

et al. 2007

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…Canine SO plays an important role in controlling the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum and acts as a variable resister to prevent the reflux of duodenal contents [1][2][3][4] . SO is a complex neuromuscular structure located at the choledocho-pancreaticoduodenal junction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oddi sphincter function after canine auto-pancreas transplantation with bladder drainage

Yuan²,

Cheng³

et al. 2003

WJG

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AIM: Several neural and hormonal factors are known to affect motility of sphincter of Oddi (SO). The major roles of SO are to regulate the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum and to prevent the reflux of duodenal contents into the biliary and pancreatic duct. After pancreas transplantation, graft SO was denervated and graft pancreatitis might have relations to SO motility. The motility of SO after canine pancreas transplantation with bladder drainage was investigated. METHODS:Normal canine SO manometry and pancreas graft SO manometry after pancreas transplantation with bladder drainage were performed in seven dogs respectively before and after cholecystokinin (CCK) administration. Data of SO basal pressure, contraction frequency, amplitude and motility index after transplantation and CCK administration were compared with that in controls and before CCK administration.RESULTS: SO showed regular contractions with a certain basal pressure in control dogs. After transplantation, the graft SO basal pressure and contraction frequency were higher than that in controls, but the amplitude decreased (P<0.01). There was no great difference in SO motility index. CCK administration could relax normal SO but stimulate graft SO after pancreas transplantation with bladder drainage. After CCK administration, SO basal pressure, frequency and motility index were increased significantly (P<0.05), in comparison with that before administration. The amplitude remained unchanged (P>0.05), in comparison with that before CCK administration. CONCLUSION:After auto-pancreas transplantation with bladder drainage, canine SO motility was inhibited. Basal pressure and frequency increased but amplitude decreased. CCK administration after transplantation had an inhibitory effect on canine SO instead of a relaxation effect observed in normal canine SO. This will increase the resistance of SO to the pancreatic juice flow and induce pancreatic juice stagnation and can not prevent reflux of urine and duodenal contents when the bladder pressure is increased to a certain extent, which may cause graft pancreatitis.Li GC, Yuan CH, Cheng Y, Liu YF. Oddi sphincter function after canine auto-pancreas transplantation with bladder drainage.

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“…A single lumen side hole polyethylene manometry catheter (OD 1 mm, ID 0.6 mm) and a polyethylene bile diversion tube (OD 1.2 mm, ID 0.8 mm) were inserted (fig1). 13 14 The manometry catheter, to measure SO motility, was connected to a minimally compliant pneumohydraulic pump (Arndorfer Medical Specialties Inc, Greenvale, Wisconsin, USA) and a pressure transducer. The pancreatic duct proximal to the SO was incised and one end of a polyethylene catheter (OD 1 mm, ID 0.5 mm) was inserted proximally 1–2 mm and secured with a 6.0 silk suture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction produces acute pancreatitis in the possum

Chen

Thomas²,

Woods³

et al. 2000

Gut

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Background-Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction has been implicated as a cause of various forms of acute pancreatitis. However, there is no direct evidence to show that sphincter of Oddi dysfunction can cause obstruction of trans-sphincteric flow resulting in acute pancreatitis. Aims-To determine if induced sphincter of Oddi spasm can produce transsphincteric obstruction and, in combination with stimulated pancreatic secretion, induce acute pancreatitis. Methods-In anaesthetised possums, the pancreatic duct was ligated and pancreatic exocrine secretion stimulated by cholecystokinin octapeptide/secretin to induce acute pancreatitis. In separate animals, carbachol was applied topically to the sphincter of Oddi to cause transient sphincter obstruction. Sphincter of Oddi motility, trans-sphincteric flow, pancreatic duct pressure, pancreatic exocrine secretion, plasma amylase levels, and pancreatic tissue damage (histology score) were studied and compared with variables in ligation models. Results-Acute pancreatitis developed following stimulation of pancreatic exocrine secretion with peptides after pancreatic duct ligation (p<0.05). Neither pancreatic duct ligation nor stimulation of pancreatic exocrine secretion with cholecystokinin octapeptide/secretin alone resulted in acute pancreatitis. Topical carbachol stimulated sphincter of Oddi motility abolished trans-sphincteric flow, and increased pancreatic exocrine secretion (p<0.05) and pancreatic duct pressure to levels comparable with pancreatic duct ligation (p<0.001). Carbachol application (with or without combined peptide stimulation) elevated plasma amylase levels (p<0.01) and produced pancreatic tissue damage (p<0.05). Decompression of pancreatic duct ameliorated these effects (p<0.05). Conclusion-Induced sphincter of Oddi dysfunction when coupled with stimulated pancreatic secretion causes acute pancreatitis. This may be an important pathophysiological mechanism causing various forms of acute pancreatitis. (Gut 2000;47:539-545)

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Sphincter of Oddi regulates flow by acting as a variable resistor to flow

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Sphincter of Oddi function in the Australian brush‐tailed possum is inhibited by intragastric ethanol

Sphincter of Oddi function in the Australian brush‐tailed possum is inhibited by intragastric ethanol

Oddi sphincter function after canine auto-pancreas transplantation with bladder drainage

Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction produces acute pancreatitis in the possum

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