Spheres Multiple Physical Network‐Based Triboelectric Materials for Self‐Powered Contactless Sensing

Abstract

Non‐contact mode triboelectric nanogenerators effectively avoid physical contact between two triboelectric materials and achieve long‐term reliable operation, providing broad application prospects in the field of self‐powered sensing. However, the low surface charge density of triboelectric materials restricts application of contactless sensing. Herein, by controlling Rayleigh Instability deformation of the spinning jet and vapor‐induced phase separation during electrostatic spinning, a polyvinylidene fluoride@Mxene (Ti3C2Tx) composite film with spheres multiple physical network structures is prepared and utilized as the triboelectric material of a self‐powered contactless sensor. The structure of the composite film and high conductivity of Ti3C2Tx provide triboelectric materials with high output performance (charge output and power output up to 128 µC m–2 and 200 µW cm–2 at 2 Hz) and high output stability. The self‐powered contactless sensor shows excellent speed sensitivity (1.175 Vs m–1). Additionally, it could accurately identify the motion states such as running (55 mV), jumping (105 mV), and walking (40 mV) within the range of 70 cm, and present the signals in different pop forms. This work lays a solid foundation for the development and application of high‐performance triboelectric materials, and has guiding significance for the research of self‐powered contactless sensing.

Gas‐Sensitive Cellulosic Triboelectric Materials for Self‐Powered Ammonia Sensing

“…It increases the active sites and microcapacitor network, which drives the charge storage capacity of the microcapacitor network, thus contributing to the improved output performance of the TENG. [ 31 ] The triboelectric properties of PFOTES‐Ti 3 C 2 T x ‐CNF films at different Ti 3 C 2 T x contents are shown in Figure 4f . The films have the maximum output at the Ti 3 C 2 T x range of 0.6 vol%.…”

Hollow Nanospheres of Red Phosphorus for Fireproof Flexible Sensors Fabricated via 3D Printing

“…DBP increases the bond strength between the layers and hence maintains the stability of the inks after extrusion. The fabricating principle is the mechanical response caused by the blending of multidimensional components (CNTs, MMT, and RPHNs) under high shear . Upon the network assembly, the MMT is exhausted by chemical etching to obtain a highly porous sensor with high conductivity (Scheme b).…”

“…The fabricating principle is the mechanical response caused by the blending of multidimensional components (CNTs, MMT, and RPHNs) under high shear. 28 Upon the network assembly, the MMT is exhausted by chemical etching to obtain a highly porous sensor with high conductivity (Scheme 1b). Among the sensor, the pores caused by MMT removal and the polymer matrix depending on its reversible hydrogen bonding provide an outstanding compression resilience.…”

Rational Design of Advanced Triboelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting and Emerging Applications

“…[134][135][136] In reality, these superior performances may be attributed to spheres multiple physical networks and the increased contact area via the increased roughness. [135,137,138] Furthermore, the superior deformability and durability of TENGs can be improved if the uniformly dispersed elastomeric materials-based electrospun microspheres function as elastic binders to anchored the nanofibers at distributed location. In Figure 6a, composites prepared with three layers of films (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS)/ liquid metal (LM) and Ag flakes and SEBS/PVDF-HFP and SEBS) exhibit excellent mechanical stability, and great recovery upon tensile loading-unloading cyclic test.…”

“…[138] Therefore, the microspheres at present are basically used as filler materials compounded with other structures. [81,137] With the improvement of mechanical properties of microspheres, it will be possible to develop pure microspheres as triboelectric materials. For electrospun honeycomb-based microspheres, the tough preparation process has limited their application in TENG to some extent.…”