Sperm viral infection and male infertility: focus on HBV, HCV, HIV, HPV, HSV, HCMV, and AAV

Garolla, Andrea; Pizzol, Damiano; Bertoldo, Alessandro; Menegazzo, Massimo; Barzon, Luisa; Foresta, Carlo

doi:10.1016/j.jri.2013.03.004

Cited by 115 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…This observation may be explained by the fact that p65 phosphorylation was not completely blocked, and BAY11-7082 may not have lowered NF-kB activation far enough to see an effect on IFN expression. These results raised an interesting question on whether the antiviral pathways are associated with the different negative influences of various viruses on male fertility (55,56). For example, mumps viral infection in adults seriously causes male infertility (57).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern Recognition Receptor–Initiated Innate Antiviral Responses in Mouse Epididymal Epithelial Cells

Zhu

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

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Viral infections of the epididymis may impair male fertility and spread sexually transmitted pathogens. The innate antiviral immune responses in the epididymis have yet to be intensively investigated. This study found that mouse epididymal epithelial cells (EECs) constitutively express several viral sensors, including TLR3, retinoic acid–inducible gene I, and DNA-dependent activator of IFN regulatory factors. Other DNA sensors, including p204 and cGMP-AMP synthase, can be induced by transfection of synthetic HSV genomic DNA (HSV60). TLR3 and retinoic acid–inducible gene I in EECs can be activated by their common agonist, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]. The signaling pathway of DNA sensors can be initiated by HSV60. Both poly(I:C) and HSV60 induced the expression of type 1 IFNs and various antiviral proteins, including IFN-stimulated gene 15, 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase, and myxovirus resistance 1. Poly(I:C), but not HSV60, also dramatically induced the expression of major proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and MCP-1, in EECs. In vivo assay confirmed that the local injection of poly(I:C) or HSV60 induced the innate antiviral responses in EECs. This study provided novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the innate antiviral responses in the mouse epididymis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern Recognition Receptor–Initiated Innate Antiviral Responses in Mouse Epididymal Epithelial Cells

Zhu

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

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“…A possible cause-effect relationship between unexplained male infertility and HPV semen detection is supported by the observation that HPVrelated impairment of sperm motility is more frequently reported in idiopathic infertile patients than in healthy fertile controls. In fact, authors reported that several cases of idiopathic asthenozoospermia did not present any known risk factor except for the HPV-DNA sperm detection [35,36,81]. Moreover, in vitro evidences show that when HPV is bound to spermatozoa it is potentially transferred to fertilized oocytes, blastocysts, and trophoblast cells [40,9,42].…”

Section: Hpv and Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: a Mozambique overview

2016

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Human Papillomavirus is agent of the most common sexually transmitted disease which is able to infect mucosal and cutaneous membranes of the anogenital region, upper aerodigestive tract, and other head and neck mucosal regions. Although mainly HPV infection can be asymptomatic and transient, it may persist and give rise to various lesions such as warts, condyloma dysplasia and cancers depending on low or high risk type of HPV infection. Moreover, growing recent evidence suggests a role of this virus in male and female fertility. To date no effective prevention, test, treatment and control strategies are provided for people in developing countries despite the reported high incidence of HPV both in women and men. This paper reviews the more recent literature about HPV infection highlighting epidemiology, related pathologies and possible fertility effects of HPV in male and female with particular attention to the Mozambique context.

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“…Moreover, among the chronic viral sperm infections, HIV), hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are the most detrimental. 175 Inflammation of the testis from acute epididymitis caused by ascending infection can persist even after treatment. As a result, the chronic inflammation, even post-treatment, could affect the functions and structural integrity of the seminiferous tubules and cause infertility.…”

Section: Stis In the Mrtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate and adaptive immune responses in male and female reproductive tracts in homeostasis and following HIV infection

et al. 2014

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The male and female reproductive tracts are complex microenvironments that have diverse functional demands. The immune system in the reproductive tract has the demanding task of providing a protective environment for a fetal allograft while simultaneously conferring protection against potential pathogens. As such, it has evolved a unique set of adaptations, primarily under the influence of sex hormones, which make it distinct from other mucosal sites. Here, we discuss the various components of the immune system that are present in both the male and female reproductive tracts, including innate soluble factors and cells and humoral and cell-mediated adaptive immunity under homeostatic conditions. We review the evidence showing unique phenotypic and functional characteristics of immune cells and responses in the male and female reproductive tracts that exhibit compartmentalization from systemic immunity and discuss how these features are influenced by sex hormones. We also examine the interactions among the reproductive tract, sex hormones and immune responses following HIV-1 infection. An improved understanding of the unique characteristics of the male and female reproductive tracts will provide insights into improving clinical treatments of the immunological causes of infertility and the design of prophylactic interventions for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections.

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Sperm viral infection and male infertility: focus on HBV, HCV, HIV, HPV, HSV, HCMV, and AAV

Cited by 115 publications

References 84 publications

Pattern Recognition Receptor–Initiated Innate Antiviral Responses in Mouse Epididymal Epithelial Cells

Pattern Recognition Receptor–Initiated Innate Antiviral Responses in Mouse Epididymal Epithelial Cells

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: a Mozambique overview

Innate and adaptive immune responses in male and female reproductive tracts in homeostasis and following HIV infection

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