Sperm motion analysis in rats treated with adriamycin and its applicability to male reproductive toxicity studies.

Abstract

Adriamycin (ADR), an anticancer drug which induces testicular toxicity, was administrated to Slc:SD male rats at doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg intravenously once a week for 4 weeks. The males treated with ADR were mated with untreated females, and sperm analyses (motion, count, and morphology) were performed. Sperm motion was analyzed by Hamilton-Thorne Sperm analyzer (HTM-IVOS) to investigate the useful parameters. Copulated females were necropsied at Day 13 of gestation, and reproductive status was evaluated.In ADR-treated groups, the testicular weight was dose-dependently decreased. Associated with this decrease was a depletion of the number of spermatogonia noted histopathologically at all dosage levels. Sperm morphological abnormalities, which were classified as tailless sperm and/or no-hook head sperm, were increased in both the 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg groups. The males treated with ADR at 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg had a decreased number of sperms per cauda epididymis. In sperm motion analysis, decreases in the percentage of motile sperm, percentage of progressive sperm, and sperm velocity (straight line velocity and curvilinear velocity) were noted at 2.0 mg/kg. Impaired fertility was noted at 2.0 mg/kg in the form of decreased numbers of implantations and live embryos, and an increased number of pre-implantation losses.In conclusion, ADR induced deterioration of sperm motion and sperm content, which were responsible for the adverse effect on male fertility. The most sensitive indicators to detect male reproductive toxicity induced by ADR were testicular weight and histopathological findings in the testis. Among the parameters generated by HTM-IVOS, the percentage of motile sperm, the percentage of progressive sperm, and sperm velocity are useful for assessing male fertility.

Pathological and Ultra-structural Changes in Testis of Rats due to Doxorubicin Toxicity and its Amelioration with Quercetin

“…The observations in Group 2 were in accordance with the earlier reports of Kato et al, (2001), Atessahin et al, (2006), Saalu et al, (2009) and Badkoobeh et al, (2013). It is thought that severe parenchymal atrophy in the seminiferous tubules, reduced number of germ cells, atrophy of Leydig cells and lower rate of spermatogenesis after doxorubicin administration in rats causes reduction in testicular weights.…”

“…These findings are in accordance with the earlier scientists (kato et al, (2001), Patil et al, (2009), Bashandy and Amin (2012, and Ahmed et al, (2013). The interstitial tissue was widened due to severe edema and vacuoles were noticed, this could be attributed to endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the vascular wall as reported by Venderamani et al, (2010) and Brilhantae et al, (2011).…”

Lycopene, an Antioxidant Carotenoid, Attenuates Testicular Injury Caused by Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats

“…Oxidative stress is known to show detrimental effects on the testis function via the induction of peroxidative damage to the plasma membrane (Visser and Heyns 2003). The loss of sperm function was shown to be due to the peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in plasma membrane of sperm (Kato et al 2001).…”

Ceramides and Sphingomyelins with High Proportions of Very Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty acids in Mammalian Germ Cells

“…Briefly, anesthetized animals were irradiated locally at a distance of 100 cm with a single total dose of 6.5 gray of X-rays produced by a linear accelerator. For the study of doxorubicin effects, a series of four doses (3 mg/kg, once a week during 4 weeks) (24) were administered. The animals were sacrificed at different intervals after these interventions.…”