Sperm disposal system in spermatic granuloma: a link with superoxide radicals

Chatterjee, Suvro; Rahman, Mohammad Masihur; Laloraya, Malini; Kumar, Pratap

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00298.x

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Increased superoxide and decreased nitric oxide are also known to be involved in SG formation (Chatterjee et al, 2001). That some inflammatory mediators may participate in 2-MI-induced SG formation is, therefore, possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epididymal Sperm Granuloma Induced by Chronic Administration of 2-Methylimidazole in B6C3F₁Mice

Tani¹,

Foster²,

Sills³

et al. 2005

Toxicol Pathol

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Two-year mouse and rat bioassay studies of 2-methylimidazole (2-MI) conducted by the National Toxicology Program revealed that epididymal sperm granuloma(SG)s occurred only in male B6C3F 1 mice in a dose-related manner. The present study characterized 2-MI-induced SGs in these epididymides. Groups of 50 male B6C3F 1 mice were fed diets containing 0, 625, 1250, or 2500 ppm 2-MI for 105 weeks; the doses were equivalent to average daily doses of approximately 13, 40, or 130 mg/kg. Testes and epididymides were histopathologically reexamined. 2-Methylimidazole increased the incidence of epididymal SGs (0%, 0%, 6%, 12%, respectively). Histologically, most of the SGs exhibited rupture of epididymal ducts with focal aggregations of macrophages in interstitia. Lesions occurred in the proximal caput of the epididymis and/or efferent ducts, not in the corpus and cauda. In the testis, incidences of germinal epithelial atrophy (GEA) increased dose-relatedly (2%, 8%, 16%, 28%, respectively). All mice with epididymal SG developed testicular GEA. The grading scores of testicular GEA tended to be more severe in mice with SGs than those without. No epididymal SG or testicular GEA was observed in 6-month-interim-sacrificed mice. The results imply that 2-year treatment of B6C3F 1 mice with 2-MI can induce epididymal SGs, primarily followed by more severe testicular GEA. The potential mechanism of SG induction by 2-MI is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epididymal Sperm Granuloma Induced by Chronic Administration of 2-Methylimidazole in B6C3F₁Mice

Tani¹,

Foster²,

Sills³

et al. 2005

Toxicol Pathol

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“…The presence of granulomas at the vasovasostomy site still does not have a conclusive meaning (25). Granulomas are described in 20 to 35% of the ducts in vasovasostomies (26).…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of vasovasostomy with conventional microsurgical suture and fibrin adhesive in rats

Busato

Marquetti²,

Rocha

2007

Int. braz j urol.

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Objective: Microsurgical procedures are currently the gold standard for vasovasostomy with excellent results, but it takes an increased operative time demanding special training and experience in microsurgery. The objective of this study is to reach the same results with reduced operative time. Materials and Methods:Male adults Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: I) 20 rats in control group, II) 20 with conventional one-layer microsuture and III) 20 with fibrin glue. After four weeks each rat was left for two weeks with two female rats. Results: The fertility rates were 80% in group I, 70% in group II and 65% in group III (p > 0.05). In group II granuloma was found in 75% of the rats, while in group III in 85% (p < 0.05). Anastomosis was considered with patency in 75% and 80% of the rats in groups II and III (p > 0.05). Overall operative time was 41.7 ± 2.49 and 28.55 ± 1.14 minutes in groups II and III (p < 0.05) and the time to anastomosis of 24.6 ± 1.8 and 9.35 ± 0.78 minutes (p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusions: We can conclude that vasovasostomy with fibrin adhesive has the same results of the conventional microsurgery technique but with a reduced operative time and a simplified procedure.

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“…36% of patients with granulomas had normal spermatozoa in the aspirate while only 19% of patients without granulomas had similar results. Recent experimental investigations in animal models have outlined that sperm granulomas result in a higher rate of phagocytosis of spermatozoa resulting in decreased tissue pressure in the epididymis [83].…”

Section: Sperm Granulomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasovasostomy

Schroeder‐Printzen

Diemer

Weidner³

2003

Urol Int

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Vasovasostomy after sterilisation vasectomy is the most frequently performed microsurgical intervention in refertilizing surgery. Causes for obstruction other than vasectomy such as juvenile hernia repair and other kinds of surgery affecting the seminal cord appear to be rare. The pre-operative diagnostic approach follows the rules of conventional diagnostics in male infertility. The significance of the intra-operative evaluation of aspirates from the duct and its role in surgical decision-making is controversely debated in the literature. Similar controversies are evident concerning the microsurgical technique that is applied. In particular, the advantages of the two-layered technique (gold standard) of the anastomosis versus the single-layered technique are discussed. Other techniques such as laser applications and fibrin glue are not routinely used in humans. Even difficult microsurgical problems in cases with extended obstructions and cases of re-vasovasostomy can nowadays be managed and have significant success rates. Important prognostic factors appear to be the interval of obstruction, sperm granulomas, and length of the testicular end of the duct. High success rates accompanied by a lower profile in cost make the microsurgical approach (refertilization) superior versus the primary use of ART techniques such as ICSI.

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Sperm disposal system in spermatic granuloma: a link with superoxide radicals

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Epididymal Sperm Granuloma Induced by Chronic Administration of 2-Methylimidazole in B6C3F₁Mice

Epididymal Sperm Granuloma Induced by Chronic Administration of 2-Methylimidazole in B6C3F₁Mice

Comparison of vasovasostomy with conventional microsurgical suture and fibrin adhesive in rats

Vasovasostomy

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Sperm disposal system in spermatic granuloma: a link with superoxide radicals

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Epididymal Sperm Granuloma Induced by Chronic Administration of 2-Methylimidazole in B6C3F1Mice

Epididymal Sperm Granuloma Induced by Chronic Administration of 2-Methylimidazole in B6C3F1Mice

Comparison of vasovasostomy with conventional microsurgical suture and fibrin adhesive in rats

Vasovasostomy

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Epididymal Sperm Granuloma Induced by Chronic Administration of 2-Methylimidazole in B6C3F₁Mice

Epididymal Sperm Granuloma Induced by Chronic Administration of 2-Methylimidazole in B6C3F₁Mice