Sperm Chromatin Integrity Tests and Indications

Sharma, Rakesh; Martínez, Marlon; Agarwal, Ashok

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32300-4_8

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 211 publications

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“…The male gamete with specialised functions is produced by a complex process known as spermatogenesis. Protein–protein interaction regulates the developmental process of spermatozoa [19] . Using 1D-SDS–PAGE combined with the in-gel digestion coupled with MS analysis (GeLC–MS/MS) technique, Johnston et al [7] mapped 1760 proteins in human spermatozoa and also reported the abundance of 27 proteins present in the 26S proteasome complex of spermatozoa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the proteomics of male infertility: A systematic review

Selvam

Agarwal

2018

Arab Journal of Urology

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ObjectiveTo assess the role of differentially expressed proteins as a resource for potential biomarker identification of infertility, as male infertility is of rising concern in reproductive medicine and evidence pertaining to its aetiology at a molecular level particularly proteomic as spermatozoa lack transcription and translation. Proteomics is considered as a major field in molecular biology to validate the target proteins in a pathophysiological state. Differential expression analysis of sperm proteins in infertile men and bioinformatics analysis offer information about their involvement in biological pathways.Materials and methodsLiterature search was performed on PubMed, Medline, and Science Direct databases using the keywords ‘sperm proteomics’ and ‘male infertility’. We also reviewed the relevant cross references of retrieved articles and included them in the review process. Articles written in any language other than English were excluded.ResultsOf 575 articles identified, preliminary screening for relevant studies eliminated 293 articles. At the next level of selection, from 282 studies only 80 articles related to male infertility condition met the selection criteria and were included in this review.ConclusionIn this molecular era, sperm proteomics has created a platform for enhanced understanding of male reproductive physiology as a potential tool for identification of novel protein biomarkers related to sperm function in infertile men. Therefore, it is believed that proteomic biomarkers can overcome the gaps in information from conventional semen analysis that are of limited clinical utility.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the proteomics of male infertility: A systematic review

Selvam

Agarwal

2018

Arab Journal of Urology

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“…Sertoli cells possess follicle-stimulating hormone receptors and androgen-binding proteins and secrete inhibin to sustain germ cell differentiation. The blood–testis barrier provides the microenvironment only between the differentiated germ cells and Sertoli cells (Sharma & Agarwal, 2011). In this context, our findings suggest that the exosome–MVB pathway in Sertoli cells facilitates the intercellular exchange of functional genetic information (Mittelbrunn et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Evidence of CD63-Enriched Exosomes and Multivesicular Bodies within the Seminiferous Tubule during the Spermatogenesis of Turtles

et al. 2019

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The seminiferous tubule (ST) is the location of spermatogenesis, where mature spermatozoa are produced with the assistance of Sertoli cells. The role of extracellular vesicles in the direct communication between Sertoli-germ cells in the ST is still not fully understood. In this study, we reported multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and their source of CD63-enriched exosomes by light and ultrastructure microscopy during the reproductive phases of turtles. Strong CD63 immunopositivity was detected at the basal region in the early and luminal regions of the ST during late spermatogenesis by immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and western blot (WB) analysis. Labeling of CD63 was detected in the Sertoli cell cytoplasmic processes that surround the developing germ cells during early spermatogenesis and in the lumen of the ST with elongated spermatids during late spermatogenesis. Furthermore, ultrastructure analysis confirmed the existence of numerous MVBs in the Sertoli cell prolongations that surround the round and primary spermatogonia during acrosome biogenesis and with the embedded heads of spermatids in the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells. Additionally, in spermatids, Chrysanthemum flower centers (CFCs) generated isolated membranes involved in MVBs and autophagosome formation, and their fusion to form amphiosomes was also observed. Additionally, autophagy inhibition by 3-methyladenine (after 24 h) increased CD63 protein signals during late spermatogenesis, as detected by IF and WB. Collectively, our study found MVBs and CD63 rich exosomes within the Sertoli cells and their response to autophagy inhibition in the ST during the spermatogenesis in the turtle.

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“…Spermatogenesis is initiated at puberty by the hypothalamus, which produces GnRH, which, in turn, stimulates the release of FSH and LH at the reproductive tract. LH stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone and FSH stimulates Sertoli cells that provide support and nutrition for sperm survival, proliferation, and differentiation [ 102 ]. Sertoli cells then initiate the functional responses required for spermatogenesis.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Evidence of Adverse Effects on the Male Reproductive System

Vassal

Rebelo

Pereira

2021

IJMS

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Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are inorganic materials that have become a valuable tool for many industrial sectors, especially in healthcare, due to their versatility, unique intrinsic properties, and relatively inexpensive production cost. As a consequence of their wide applications, human exposure to MONPs has increased dramatically. More recently, their use has become somehow controversial. On one hand, MONPs can interact with cellular macromolecules, which makes them useful platforms for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. On the other hand, research suggests that these MONPs can cross the blood–testis barrier and accumulate in the testis. Although it has been demonstrated that some MONPs have protective effects on male germ cells, contradictory reports suggest that these nanoparticles compromise male fertility by interfering with spermatogenesis. In fact, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that exposure to MONPs could induce the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, resulting in oxidative stress, which is the main suggested molecular mechanism that leads to germ cells’ toxicity. The latter results in subsequent damage to proteins, cell membranes, and DNA, which ultimately may lead to the impairment of the male reproductive system. The present manuscript overviews the therapeutic potential of MONPs and their biomedical applications, followed by a critical view of their potential risks in mammalian male fertility, as suggested by recent scientific literature.

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Sperm Chromatin Integrity Tests and Indications

Cited by 7 publications

References 211 publications

Update on the proteomics of male infertility: A systematic review

Update on the proteomics of male infertility: A systematic review

Cellular Evidence of CD63-Enriched Exosomes and Multivesicular Bodies within the Seminiferous Tubule during the Spermatogenesis of Turtles

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Evidence of Adverse Effects on the Male Reproductive System

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