Speedy milking of fresh venom from aculeate hymenopterans

Fox, Eduardo Gonçalves Paterson; Xu, Meng; Wang, Lei; Chen, Li; Lu, Yongyue

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.02.050

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Liu et al (2017) suggested that by using the whole body solventsoaking method, an adequate amount of fire ant venom alkaloids can be extracted for chemical analyses and bioassays. Fox et al (2018) also developed a straightforward method for extracting within minutes aculeate S. invicta venoms by centrifugation.…”

Section: Biology Of S Invicta In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and management of Solenopsis invicta in China

Wang¹,

Ling²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

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Red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, was first found in Taiwan province of China in 2003. To prevent transboundary expansion, the Chinese government has formulated various control strategies in the last 15 years to slow down the spread of S. invicta. Despite all efforts, S. invicta invasion has reached more than 390 counties of 13 provinces and two special administrative regions in China; at present, S. invicta remains at the stage of rapid expansion. The transnational entry of S. invicta is linked to imported logs and wastepaper coming mostly from the United States. In domestic settings, long-distance expansion of S. invicta relied on potted plant and turf transportation. Both monogyne and polygyne social forms of S. invicta were present in China with polygyne colonies as the dominant one. Data on population and breeding dynamics of S. invicta reveal the presence of two peaks annually with nuptial flights occurring throughout the year. Arthropods, plant seeds, and honeydew are important food sources of S. invicta, thereby causing negative impacts on the abundance, diversity, and richness of native arthropod communities. Fire ants are threats not only to agriculture and power facilities, but also to human health, with more than 30% of people having suffered from the sting and 10% having experienced an allergic reaction. To address the expansion of S. invicta, the National Fire Ant Detection and Management Union was established and the formulation and implementation of management policies were drawn. Plant quarantine becomes an essential step in fire ant management, whereas the two-step method of combing toxic baits and contact dust emerges as the forefront method crucial in managing S. invicta. The experience and lessons learned from fire ant management in China could benefit other countries when facing similar challenges.

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Section: Biology Of S Invicta In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and management of Solenopsis invicta in China

Wang¹,

Ling²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

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“…Aggressive aculeate insects used were obtained around the university campus of South China Agricultural University. They were anesthesized with either CO2 or ethyl acetate (details at [1] ). Isolated living venom-containing body parts were amassed at the numbers of 3–10 inside an adapted basket made of either glass wool or fine metal mesh in a glass vial insert.…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After ca. 8 cycles the amount of collected liquid at the bottom of the glass insert stabilised (collected amounts presented in [1] ).…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas-chromatography and UV-spectroscopy of Hymenoptera venoms obtained by trivial centrifugation

Fox¹,

Xu²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Data in Brief

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This paper summarises gas-chromatography (GC–MS) and preliminary UV-spectroscopy analyses data of fresh, unmodified venom of aculeate hymenopterans (ants, bees, wasps), mainly focusing on red imported fire ants. No solvents nor fractionation were used at any point, which is a novel approach to describing integral toxins cocktails as proposed by Fox et al. (2018a) [1] 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.02.050 where these results are discussed in deeper details. Herein we focus on further characterising the obtained venom extracted through a novel approach. Pertaining raw data is accessible from Fox et al. (2018b) [2] 10.17632/cpnscw2gkc.1 including further relevant information regarding the used insects, machinery settings, chemical standards.

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“…There are currently well defined protocols for separating and analysing fire ant venom alkaloids (Fox et al 2013;Yu et al 2014) as well as a number of published raw chromatograms available as chemical references (e.g. Fox et al 2018a, Fox et al 2018b) allowing for reproducible results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical blueprints to identifying fire ants: overview on venom alkaloids

Fox¹

2018

Preprint

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Solenopsis fire ants are remarkably difficult to identify using morphological characters, particularly from the most abundant minor workers. The present manuscript introduces a set of chemical tools to facilitate species diagnosis from field-collected fire ant samples, herein focusing on minor workers.Fire ants from different localities (native and invaded) were analysed using gas-chromatography.Samples were collected from the field into organic solvents; sampling effort included 14 species, and a suspected hybrid. A total of 32 piperidine alkaloids were spotted and tentatively identified and representative relative chemical proportions for minor workers are presented for the first time for a number of species. It is hoped that the provided info will prove useful to researchers working on fire ants in future studies. Further compounds are being analysed for additional auxiliary tools.

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Speedy milking of fresh venom from aculeate hymenopterans

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Prevalence and management of Solenopsis invicta in China

Prevalence and management of Solenopsis invicta in China

Gas-chromatography and UV-spectroscopy of Hymenoptera venoms obtained by trivial centrifugation

Chemical blueprints to identifying fire ants: overview on venom alkaloids

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