Speedy eye movements in multiple sclerosis: Association with performance on visual and nonvisual cognitive tests

Roberg, Brandon L; Bruce, Jared M.; Feaster, H. Todd; O’Bryan, Sean; Westervelt, Holly James; Glusman, Morgan

doi:10.1080/13803395.2014.983465

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The underlying mechanisms of cognitive-linguistic deficits in mTBI are unknown, but one promising area of study is speed of information processing, a domain known to be significantly affected in both the acute and chronic stages of recovery from mTBI (16,17,(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). Speed of information processing has been generally regarded as a component of attention processes (38), and neuropsychological studies have operationalized speed using experimental measures of reaction time (RT) on tasks such as the symbol-digit test (39), the Stroop test (40) and tests of attention (41).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Delayed RTs have implications far beyond just a slower response time. Slowed response time has downstream effects on cognitive functions dependent on speede of information processing, and contributes to performance on tests of attention, executive function, and verbal memory (37,44,45). Speed of information processing likely plays a critical role in everyday cognitive-linguistic functions such as word-finding, especially when responding under time pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reaction time and cognitive-linguistic performance in adults with mild traumatic brain injury

2019

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize cognitive-linguistic performance in adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) to advance assessment and treatment practices. We hypothesized that individuals with mTBI would demonstrate longer reaction times (RTs) and greater error rates when compared to an orthopedic injury (OI) group on a category-naming task. Method: Participants were age and education-matched adults with mTBI (n = 20; 12 females) and adults with OI (n = 21; 5 females) who were discharged to home after an Emergency Department visit. Our primary task was a category-naming task shown to be sensitive to language deficits after mTBI. The task was adapted and administered under speeded and unspeeded conditions. Results: There was a significant main effect of condition on RT (speeded faster than unspeeded) and accuracy (more errors in the speeded condition). There was a marginally significant effect of group on errors, with more errors in the mTBI group than the OI group. Naming RT and accuracy in both conditions were moderately correlated with injury variables and symptom burden. Conclusions: Our data showed a marginal effect of group on accuracy of performance. Correlations found between naming and neurobehavioural symptoms, including sleep quality, suggest that the latter should be considered in future research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction time and cognitive-linguistic performance in adults with mild traumatic brain injury

2019

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“…suggested as a bedside assessment tool in MS (Roberg et al 2014). These neuropsychological studies indicate that eye motor disorders may be a sensitive early marker of disseminated disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Complex tests of eye movements, like tests of anti-saccades, have been associated with cognitive dysfunction in MS (Fielding et al 2009a(Fielding et al , 2012, and MS patients appear to spend excessive time on saccadic tasks with distractor stimuli (Fielding et al 2009b). Recently a test for eye motor speed has been suggested as a bedside assessment tool in MS, as the number of speeded saccades for 30 seconds was related to both visual and non-visual cognitive tests (Roberg et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Eye and hand motor interactions with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test in early multiple sclerosis

Nygaard

Benavent

Harbo

et al. 2015

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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“…Scalp recordings in post-concussive patients have also demonstrated changes in timing and amplitude of electrical potentials evoked by visual stimulus of increasing complexity as well as decreased luminosity (Fimreite et al, 2015; Papathanasopoulos et al, 2008; Yadav and Ciuffreda, 2013; Yadav et al, 2014) . Collectively, these reports highlight pervasive symptoms in the visual system along with cognitive and memory disturbances associated with mTBI; the latter two of which have previously received significantly more attention (Dymowski et al, 2015; Finnanger et al, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Adaptive reorganization of retinogeniculate axon terminals in dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus following experimental mild traumatic brain injury

Patel

Jurgens

Krahe

et al. 2017

Experimental Neurology

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The pathologic process in traumatic brain injury marked by delayed axonal loss, known as diffuse axonal injury (DAI), leads to partial deafferentation of neurons downstream of injured axons. This process is linked to persistent visual dysfunction following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), however, examination of deafferentation in humans is impossible with current technology. To investigate potential reorganization in the visual system following mTBI, we utilized the central fluid percussion injury (cFPI) mouse model of mTBI. We report that in the optic nerve of adult male C57BL/6J mice, axonal projections of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) to their downstream thalamic target, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), undergo DAI followed by scattered, widespread axon terminals loss within the dLGN at 4 days post-injury. However, at 10 days post-injury, significant reorganization of RGC axon terminals was found, suggestive of an adaptive neuroplastic response. While these changes persisted at 20 days post-injury, the RGC axon terminal distribution did not recovery fully to sham-injury levels. Our studies also revealed that following DAI, the segregation of axon terminals from ipsilateral and contralateral eye projections remained consistent with normal adult mouse distribution. Lastly, our examination of the shell and core of dLGN suggested that different RGC subpopulations may vary in their susceptibility to injury or in their contribution to reorganization following injury. Collectively, these findings support the premise that subcortical axon terminal reorganization may contribute to recovery following mTBI, and that different neural phenotypes may vary in their contribution to this reorganization despite exposure to the same injury.

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Speedy eye movements in multiple sclerosis: Association with performance on visual and nonvisual cognitive tests

Abstract: Pending further research, the SET, a brief, inexpensive, and nontechnical measure of speedy eye movement, may serve as a visual/oculomotor indicator of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis.

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Reaction time and cognitive-linguistic performance in adults with mild traumatic brain injury

Reaction time and cognitive-linguistic performance in adults with mild traumatic brain injury

Eye and hand motor interactions with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test in early multiple sclerosis

Adaptive reorganization of retinogeniculate axon terminals in dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus following experimental mild traumatic brain injury

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