Speed estimation and control in a belt-driven system for a web production process. Part 1: System modelling and validation

Makin, E. C.; Acarnley, P.P.

doi:10.1243/095440804322860609

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…according to [7], where v is the velocity of the rope sliding through the brake. The linear equivalent of Eq.…”

Section: Analytical Model Of the Rope Brakementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the mechanics of dynamic rope brakes

Fuss

Niegl²

2010

Procedia Engineering

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Dynamic rope brakes are integral elements of the standard belaying equipment. They multiply the hand force of the belayer and convert a fraction of the falling climber's kinetic energy into thermal energy. As the rope is deflected by the brake, the thermal energy is produced by belt friction. This paper introduces a brake model based on static and viscous belt friction. The contact angles of three different brakes (figure-of-eight, ATC and HMS [Munter hitch]) were determined. These data as well as data taken and/or derived from the literature served as input for the model. The static and viscous belt friction coefficients range between 0.2-0.3 and 0.015-0.04, respectively, for the three brakes. Depending on the magnitude of the friction coefficients, three conditions can be distinguished: 1) no rope slip at high friction; 2) rope slip and stop; 3) critical braking; and 4) continuous rope slip (no stop). The window of the friction coefficients between no slip and critical braking is independent of the hand force. However, the smaller the hand force is, the larger are the friction coefficients at no slip and critical braking. Belayers with smaller hand forces should therefore avoid rope brakes with small static and viscous friction coefficients (like the Figure-ofEight) and apply the ATC or HMS.

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“…according to [7], where v is the velocity of the rope sliding through the brake. The linear equivalent of Eq.…”

Section: Analytical Model Of the Rope Brakementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the mechanics of dynamic rope brakes

Fuss

Niegl²

2010

Procedia Engineering

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“…For the purposes of real-time operation, a more pragmatic solution has been adopted. From the belt tension information, the creep and slip effects at each pulley have been calculated, using equations ( 14) and (23) in reference [1]. These equations were used during real-time operation to generate velocity corrections, which have accounted for the important differences between the belt and pulley velocities due to creep and slip.…”

Section: Discrete-time Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A companion paper [1] describes the speed control requirements for a casting drum used in a polymer-lm web production process. In that paper, a state-space model of the belt-driven casting drum was developed and corrections to take account of two signi cant drive-train effects-creep and slip-were included.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This web tension estimate can be utilized in a controller feedforward path to enhance the transient performance of the casting drum speed controller. Second, a Kalman lter, based on the complete mathematical model of the drive [1], is used for the estimation of casting drum speed. When the speed control loop is closed with this estimated casting drum speed, the accuracy of steady-state speed holding is improved, because the effects of slip and creep are included.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The state-of-the-art in respect of web production processes and belt-driven systems has been reviewed in the companion paper [1], so attention is centred here on relevant estimation and control techniques. The Kalman lter [2,3] has been widely used in the control of electric drives for the estimation of nonmeasurable states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speed estimation and control in a belt-driven system for a web production process. Part 2: Control strategy

Makin¹,

Acarnley²

2004

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E:

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This paper addresses the problem of estimating and controlling the speed of a belt-driven casting drum in a web production process, where direct measurement of drum speed is infeasible. Techniques for estimating web tension and casting drum speed, using measured values of brake and drive torque demand and speed, are described and veri ed by application to a laboratory casting drum facility. The estimates of web tension and casting drum speed are incorporated in a new speed control strategy, which counteracts the effects of creep and slip between the drive belt and pulleys. Experimental results demonstrate much improved steady-state speed holding and transient speed response of the casting drum, in comparison with the performance of the original controller: the steady-state speed error with nominal (50 per cent) web tension is reduced from 0.8 to 0.1 per cent, while the peak transient speed error for a 25 per cent change in web tension reduces from 4 to 0.5 per cent.

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Performance characteristics and modelling of a micro gas turbine for their integration with thermally activated cooling technologies

Vidal¹,

Bruno

Best³

et al. 2007

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYWe have developed a simple model of a micro gas turbine system operating at high ambient temperatures and characterized its performance with a view to integrating this system with thermally activated cooling technologies. To develop and validate this model, we used experimental data from the micro gas turbine test facility of the CREVER research centre. The microturbine components were modelled and the thermodynamic properties of air and combustion gases were estimated using a commercial process simulator. Important information such as net output power, microturbine fuel consumption and exhaust gas mass flow rate can be obtained with the empirical correlations we have developed in this study. This information can be useful for design exhaust gas fired absorption chillers. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.KEY WORDS: modelling; micro gas turbine; cogeneration; waste heat; cooling BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESFor building applications in which energy demand is closely related to climatic conditions, adding an absorption chiller to a micro gas turbine based cogeneration system is a good way to increase cost efficiency. At high ambient temperatures, however, the performance of the micro gas turbine is somewhat degraded. Manufacturers offer only limited information on microturbine derated performance characteristics at off-design conditions (power capacity,

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Speed estimation and control in a belt-driven system for a web production process. Part 1: System modelling and validation

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Understanding the mechanics of dynamic rope brakes

Understanding the mechanics of dynamic rope brakes

Speed estimation and control in a belt-driven system for a web production process. Part 2: Control strategy

Performance characteristics and modelling of a micro gas turbine for their integration with thermally activated cooling technologies

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