Speed-Accuracy Tradeoffs in Spatial Orientation Information Processing

Schlegel, Robert E.; Storm, William F.

doi:10.1177/154193128302700505

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Across modalities and categories, we found that adults have more efficient information processing than children. Adults' higher evidence accumulation compared to children is similar to prior work in other tasks (Manning et al, 2021;Nordmeyer et al, 2016;Ratcliff et al, 2012;Schneider & Frank, 2016). This finding also complements prior work in adults, where evidence accumulation rates are associated with individual differences in working memory abilities (Ester et al, 2014).…”

Section: Adults Learned Better Than Children Even When Controlling Fo...supporting

confidence: 80%

“…Prior work has generally demonstrated that children have more cautious responses than adults (Manning et al, 2021;Nordmeyer et al, 2016;Ratcliff et al, 2012;Schneider & Frank, 2016), though in some tasks children make more impulsive, less cautious decisions than adults (Martinez et al, 2018). Here, we found that, in general, children had less cautious responses than adults and that children had more similar decision thresholds for correct and incorrect responses.…”

Section: Asymmetric Development Across Categories and Modalitiessupporting

confidence: 44%

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Auditory and visual category learning in children and adults.

Roark¹,

Lescht²,

Wray³

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychology

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Categories are fundamental to everyday life and the ability to learn new categories is relevant across the lifespan. Categories are ubiquitous across modalities, supporting complex processes such as object recognition and speech perception. Prior work has proposed that different categories may engage learning systems with unique developmental trajectories. There is a limited understanding of how perceptual and cognitive development influences learning as prior studies have examined separate participants in a single modality. The current study presents a comprehensive assessment of category learning in 8–12-year-old children (12 female; 34 white, 1 Asian, 1 more than one race; M household income $85–$100 K) and 18–61-year-old adults (13 female; 32 white, 10 Black or African American, 4 Asian, 2 more than one race, 1 other; M household income $40–55 K) in a broad sample collected online from the United States. Across multiple sessions, participants learned categories across modalities (auditory, visual) that engage different learning systems (explicit, procedural). Unsurprisingly, adults outperformed children across all tasks. However, this enhanced performance was asymmetrical across categories and modalities. Adults far outperformed children in learning visual explicit categories and auditory procedural categories, with fewer differences across development for other types of categories. Adults’ general benefit over children was due to enhanced information processing, while their superior performance for visual explicit and auditory procedural categories was associated with less cautious correct responses. These results demonstrate an interaction between perceptual and cognitive development that influences learning of categories that may correspond to the development of real-world skills such as speech perception and reading.

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Section: Adults Learned Better Than Children Even When Controlling Fo...supporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Asymmetric Development Across Categories and Modalitiessupporting

confidence: 44%

Auditory and visual category learning in children and adults.

Roark¹,

Lescht²,

Wray³

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychology

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show abstract

“…The two tests selected to exercise this paradigm are the Manikin test and the Mathematical Processing test. The Manikin test has a long history of use (Benson and Gedye, 1963;Reader, Benel, and Rahe, 1981;Schlegel and Storm, 1983) and is presented in a wide variety of formats by military psychologists (Miller, Takamoto, Bartel, and Brown, 1985). As implemented in this experiment, a manikin "stick figure" is presented facing either forward or backward.…”

Section: B2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Workshift and antihistamine effects on task performance

Gilliland¹,

Schlegel²,

Nesthus³

1997

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Sixteen male subjects, welJ-trained on a battery of cognitive performance assessment tasks, participated in a study to investigate the effects on human operator performance of work shift (Day Shift vs. Midshift), a specific antihistamine drug (4 mg of ChlorTrimeton® brand chlorpheniramine maleate), and time on task accompanying three successive drug doses spaced every four hours. Five performance tasks, two work sample tasks, and four subjective scales were included in the study. In summary, chlorpheniramine maleate alone had a strong negative influence on a wide range of task performance and mood measures. There was a rather complex relationship between work shift and time on the shift such that performance and mood during the Day Shift tended to get better and during the Midshift tended to get worse. No evidence was found that chlorpheniramine maleare and work shift combine to produce a multiplicative effect.

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“…Manikin Task (MAN). This task has had a long history of use (Benson & Gedye, 1963;Reader, Benel, & Rahe, 1981;Schlegel & Storm, 1983) and has been presented in a wide variety of formats by military psychologists (Miller, Takamoto, Bartel, & Brown, 1985). As implemented in this experiment, a manikin "stick figure" is presented facing either forward or backward.…”

Section: Dual Task -Tracking and Sternberg Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%