Speech Understanding and Aging

Participants: All 3397 adults (age range, 48-92 years) living in Beaver Dam, Wis, who were examined for agerelated eye disease and hearing loss from March 1, 1993, to July 18, 1995, and who had analyzable hearing thresholds in at least 1 ear and fundus photographs gradable for ARM in at least 1 eye. Methods: Characteristics of drusen and other lesions typical of ARM were determined by grading stereoscopic color fundus photographs using the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System. We used standard protocols of pure-tone air-conduction audiometry to assess hearing loss, which was defined as the puretone average of hearing thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz greater than 25-dB hearing level. Results: The prevalence of ARM was 25.4% and of hearing loss was 45.0% in this population. Both condi

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Genetic Associations in Age-Related Hearing Thresholds

Gates¹,

Couropmitree²,

Myers³

1999

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

255

155

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Objective: To determine the inheritance of age-related hearing loss.Design: Cohort study comparing aggregation of hearing levels in genetically unrelated people (spouse pairs) and in genetically related people (sibling pairs, parentchild pairs).Setting: Framingham Heart Study biennial Examination 15 (1973) and Framingham Offspring Study Examination 6 (1995-1998. Main Outcome Measures: Audiometric pure-tone thresholds at 250 to 8000 Hz were obtained and puretone average (PTA) hearing thresholds were calculated for the middle (0.5-2 kHz), high (4-8 kHz), and low (0.25-1 kHz) frequencies for each ear. The shape of the audiogram was categorized as either normal, abrupt highfrequency loss (sensory phenotype) or flat loss (strial phenotype). Correlations were made using the Familial Correlations program of the Statistical Analysis for Genetic Epidemiology software system. The level of significance was P = .01.Results: Hearing threshold levels did not aggregate in spouses. Significant aggregation was noted in siblings and parent-child pairings for PTA at low, middle, and high frequencies. Sisters but not brothers had significant aggregation of each PTA measure. Mother-daughter and mother-son pairs but not father-son pairs had significant aggregation of hearing levels. For the sensory phenotype, there was significant aggregation in all related pairs except for father-child pairs. For the strial phenotype, there was significant aggregation of hearing levels in the related female pairs but not in the related male pairs. Conclusions:A clear familial aggregation occurs for agerelated hearing levels, sensory presbycusis phenotypes, and strial presbycusis phenotypes. The aggregations are stronger in women than in men. The heritability estimate was greater for the strial phenotypes than for the sensory phenotypes. The data support a genetic effect on the inheritance of presbycusis in women and a mixed, genetically acquired cause in men.

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Speech Understanding and Aging

Cited by 50 publications

References 13 publications

Auditory Dysfunction in Aging and Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type

Auditory Dysfunction in Aging and Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type

Is Age-Related Maculopathy Related to Hearing Loss?

Genetic Associations in Age-Related Hearing Thresholds

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