Spectrum of neuropsychiatric complications in 791 cases of typhoid fever

Ali, Gazanfar; Rashid, Sabrina Mohd; Kamli, M. A.; Shah, Parvez Ahmad; Allaqaband, G. Q.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.1997.tb00145.x

Cited by 57 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Parkinsonism is a rare neurological manifestation of typhoid fever, which was first described by Millis in 1927 (6). In a study by Ali et al, 84% of cases of multidrug-resistant typhoid fever developed neuropsychiatric manifestations, which include acute confusional state (73%), myelitis (6%), cerebellitis (1%), Parkinsonism (1%), acute psychosis (0.6%), meningoencephalitis (0.5%), encephalitis (0.25%) and others [3]. During an outbreak in Malawi-Mozambique in the year 2009, 40 out of the 303 identified cases were associated with neurological abnormalities but only 8 of them had Parkinsonism (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinsonism and Brain Mri Findings in a Relapsed Culture-Proven Salmonella Typhi Infection: A Case Report in Malaysia

Ym¹,

Jt²

2016

JUMMEC

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Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella typhi, which may be associated with extra-intestinal complications. Neurological manifestations, particularly Parkinsonism, are rarely reported. We report a 17-year-old patient with relapsed culture-proven Salmonella typhi infection who developed septic shock and subsequently Parkinsonism. Lumbar puncture revealed acellular cerebrospinal fluid with raised protein level. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed cerebral petechial haemorrhages resulted from small vessels vasculitis. His symptoms resolved spontaneously after 3 months.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinsonism and Brain Mri Findings in a Relapsed Culture-Proven Salmonella Typhi Infection: A Case Report in Malaysia

Ym¹,

Jt²

2016

JUMMEC

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“…Neurologic complication rates are varied (5-35%) according to geographic regions and drug resistance (18). Meningismus and acute confusion are the most frequent states (19). Confusion may have intermittent character and appears as apathy in many patients (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Typhoid Fever Presenting With Multiple Complications

et al. 2007

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An 18-year old female patient was admitted to the Emergency Department with complaints of fever and fatigue beginning 15 days ago associated with headache, weakness, palpitation, abdominal pain, and diarrhea a week later. The patient who apathic confused and discordant was transferred to the Department of Infectious Diseases. There was also hypocalcemia, hypopotassemia, pancytopenia, intestinal hemorrhage, and hepatic involvement. S. typhi was grown in the blood culture. The patient was discharged with full recovery after ciprofloxacin treatment in addition to electrolyte replacement. Typhoid fever is a widespread infectious disease in our country and should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of many diseases because it may involve a number of systems and may present with a variety of complications.

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“…Autopsies of people who have been killed by typhoid reveal diffuse damage to neurons, softening of the brain's vascular system, the formation of abscesses on the brain, and discharges of pus in the brain and meninges (Ali et al 1997). If, however, the patient survives all of this, the fever begins to fall off and a long period of recovery sets in.…”

Section: B Typhoid Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

Deprivation and Disease in Early Twentieth-Century America

Clay¹,

Troesken²

2006

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This paper explores how early life exposure to poverty and want adversely affects later life health outcomes. In particular, it examines how exposure to crowded housing conditions and impure drinking water undermines long-term health prospects and increases the risk of age-related pathologies such as cancer, heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Exploiting city-level data from early-twentieth century America, evidence is presented that cities with unusually high rates of typhoid fever in 1900 had elevated rates of heart and kidney disease fifteen years later; also cities with unusually high rates of tuberculosis in 1900 had elevated rates of cancer and stroke fifteen years later. The estimated coefficients suggest that eradicating typhoid fever (through water purification) and tuberculosis (through improved housing and nutrition) would have reduced later death rates from heart disease, cancer, stroke, and kidney disease by 23 to 35 percent.

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Spectrum of neuropsychiatric complications in 791 cases of typhoid fever

Cited by 57 publications

References 14 publications

Parkinsonism and Brain Mri Findings in a Relapsed Culture-Proven Salmonella Typhi Infection: A Case Report in Malaysia

Parkinsonism and Brain Mri Findings in a Relapsed Culture-Proven Salmonella Typhi Infection: A Case Report in Malaysia

A Case of Typhoid Fever Presenting With Multiple Complications

Deprivation and Disease in Early Twentieth-Century America

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