Spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and its correlation with CD4 lymphocyte count

Abstract

In this study, 100 HIV-positive cases (63 men, 37 women) with skin findings were included. The mean CD4 T cell count was 253 cells/mm(3). A total of 235 dermatological manifestations were seen. The common infectious dermatoses were candidiasis (21%), Staphylococcal skin infections (20%), dermatophytoses (14%) and herpes zoster (6%). Among the non-infectious dermatoses were papular pruritic eruptions (20%), xerosis/ichthyosis (20%) and seborrhoeic dermatitis (16%). Statistically significant association (p < 0.05) with CD4 T cell count was seen in pyodermas, dermatophytoses and papular pruritic eruptions. Adverse drug reactions, diffuse hair loss, straightening of hairs and pigmentary changes were also noted. Although there was an absence of Kaposi's sarcoma in our study, a case of verrucous carcinoma of penis was noted.

Mucocutaneous manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients in Nouakchott, Mauritania

“…The other skin manifestation that was commonly observed in this study was oral candidiasis. This is the most frequent dermatological manifestation among HIV patients found in many series of studies . It was diagnosed in almost 11.6% of our patients, which is comparable to the study performed by Altuntaş Aydin et al .…”

“…The pathological relationship between HIV and dermatological conditions begins with seroconversion and intensifies as the CD 4 T cell population is progressively depleted by the virus . This is also supported by other authors who have shown a positive correlation between mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV and low CD 4 T cell counts . Foroughi et al .…”

“…Some dermatological signs and symptoms suggest the diagnosis of HIV infection, such as shingles in young adults and disseminated prurigo, whereas others have diagnostic value, such as oral hairy leukoplakia, or prognostic value, such Kaposi's sarcoma, indicating an advanced stage of the disease . Different studies have been attempting to establish a correlation between CD 4 T cell counts and systemic changes . HIV‐positive patients may present a variety of dermatologic manifestations …”

“…5 Different studies have been attempting to establish a correlation between CD 4 T cell counts and systemic changes. 2,3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] HIV-positive patients may present a variety of dermatologic manifestations. [1][2][3]8,15 To our knowledge, there has been no previous study on dermatologic manifestations in PLWHA in Mauritania.…”

A rare case of verrucous carcinoma of penis in an human immunodeficiency virus- infected patient

“…In a study of the spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations in HIV-infected patients conducted by Fernandes and Bhat a case of verrucous carcinoma of penis was noted. [7] CD4 count in this patient was 31 cells/mm 3 .…”