Spectrum and prognostic significance of opportunistic diseases in HIV/AIDS patients in Ilorin, Nigeria

Salami, AK; Olatunji, PO; Oluboyo, PO

doi:10.4314/wajm.v25i1.28245

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…In this case cryptococcal meningoencephalitis manifested as an AIDS defining illness. And in keeping with our previous report 13 of infectious opportunistic diseases occurring at a very low CD4 + cell count in AIDS patients, the patient had a count of 29cells/ul. This is the first case to be reported from this centre because of the dearth of appropriate microbiological diagnostic facilities in this hospital.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cryptococcal Meningitis in a Newly Diagnosed AIDS Patient: A Case Report

Salami¹,

Ogunmodele²,

Fowotade³

et al. 2010

West African Journal of Medicine

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cryptococcal Meningitis in a Newly Diagnosed AIDS Patient: A Case Report

Salami¹,

Ogunmodele²,

Fowotade³

et al. 2010

West African Journal of Medicine

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“…Fear of stigmatization which we have reported in one of our series could be responsible for this 12 . Both Pi and NNRTI regimens prevented progression of diseases in their recipients as evidenced by improvement in their weight and CD4 + cell counts after ARV exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Serum Lipids and Glucose Abnormalities in HIV/AIDS Patients on Antiretroviral Therapies

Salami¹,

Akande²,

Olokoba³

2009

West African Journal of Medicine

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BACKGROUND:With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) the outlook of HIV/AIDS has changed from a killer disease to a treatable chronic infectious one. However HAART is associated with some metabolic disorders some of which are now being seen in people living with HIV/ AIDS (PLWHA) accessing care from our centre. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidaemia and dysglycaemia amongst Nigerian HIV/AIDS patients on HAART. METHODS: PLWHA who were regular on ART for at least three months and had pre-treatment CD4 + count, fasting lipid and glucose profiles were grouped into two treatment regimens: protease inhibitor, (PI) or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Pre and post-exposure metabolic and nonmetabolic variables were compared for each regimen as well as within regimen comparison of the differences between post exposure metabolic variables. RESULTS: Three hundred and twenty-seven patients; [male=134 (41%), female=193 (59%)] met the study criteria in the two groups: PI = 94(29%) and NNRTI= 233(71%). The pretreatment metabolic changes in both groups (PI vs. NNRTI) were low HDL-C; 29(31%) vs.77 (33%), followed by hypertriglyceridaemia; 16(17%) vs.38 (16%) and hypercholesterolaemia; 6(6%) vs.10 (4%). After exposure to two different HAART regimens hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholesterolaemia became more prevalent especially with Pi based therapy than NNRTI; 74(79%) vs. 108(54%) and 58(51%) vs.72(31%) respectively. These relative higher risks of a PI containing regimen to induce hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholesterolaemia were about three times more than that of NNRTI, both risks were statistically significant; p = 0.0003 and p = 0.0001. 29 (31%) vs.77 (33%), suivie par l'hypertriglycéridémie, 16 (17%) vs.38 (16%) et l'hypercholestérolémie , 6 (6%) vs.10 (4%) RÉSUMÉ CONTEXTE: Avec l'introduction du traitement antirétroviral hautement actif (HAART) l'évolution du VIH MÉTHODES: les PVVIH qui ont été régulièrement sous ARV pendant au moins trois mois et a pré-traitement CD4 + count, le jeûne de lipides et de glucose profils ont été regroupés en deux régimes de traitement: inhibiteur de protéase (IP) ou non-nucléosidiques de la transcriptase inverse inhibiteur (INNTI). Pré et post-exposition métaboliques et non-métaboliques variables ont été comparés pour chaque régime, ainsi que dans le régime comparaison des différences entre post-exposition métaboliques variables. RÉSULTATS: Trois cent vingt-sept patients, [les hommes = 134 (41%), les femmes = 193 (59%)] a rencontré l'étude des critères dans les deux groupes: PI = 94 (29%) et INNTI = 233 (71% ). Le prétraitement des changements métaboliques dans les deux groupes (c. INNTI IP) sont faibles

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“…30 A study in Nigeria reported the prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis to be 13.7%, higher than in our population, with a mean CD4 count of 107/mm 3 , which was similar to our finding. 4 A study from the Netherlands reported a rise in prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis from 24.5% in 1993 to 51.8% in 2000 among HIVinfected individuals, but this rise was mainly attributed to the increase in AIDS patients of foreign descent. 31 The diagnosis and management of tuberculosis, especially, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, is likely to pose unique challenges for medical practitioners from the diagnostic viewpoint, particularly in resource-limited settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 There is global evidence that the overall incidence of opportunistic diseases increases with the degree of immunosuppression resulting from HIV disease progression. 4,5 The primary medical care for HIV/AIDS in India mainly consists of symptomatic supportive treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and management of OIs. The Government of India initiated a free antiretroviral therapy (ART) roll-out program in 2004, and around 39 000 patients had been placed on ART by the end of March 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of common opportunistic infections in HIV-infected individuals in Pune, India: analysis by stages of immunosuppression represented by CD4 counts

Ghate

Deshpande

Tripathy

et al. 2009

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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The high incidence of commonly reported OIs in Indian HIV-infected individuals highlights the need for early screening and also the need to increase awareness in healthcare providers, in order to improve decisions regarding prophylaxis for prevention and appropriate therapeutic intervention. Emphasis needs to be given to the early diagnosis and management of tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals.

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Spectrum and prognostic significance of opportunistic diseases in HIV/AIDS patients in Ilorin, Nigeria

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Cryptococcal Meningitis in a Newly Diagnosed AIDS Patient: A Case Report

Cryptococcal Meningitis in a Newly Diagnosed AIDS Patient: A Case Report

Serum Lipids and Glucose Abnormalities in HIV/AIDS Patients on Antiretroviral Therapies

Incidence of common opportunistic infections in HIV-infected individuals in Pune, India: analysis by stages of immunosuppression represented by CD4 counts

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