Spectroscopy, microscopy, diffraction and scattering of archetypal MOFs: formation, metal sites in catalysis and thin films

Abstract

A comprehensive overview of characterization tools for the analysis of well-known metal–organic frameworks and physico-chemical phenomena associated to their applications.

Towards modeling spatiotemporal processes in metal–organic frameworks

“…build dedicated in situ cells to unravel the spatiotemporal response of MOFs under operating conditions. Varying operating conditions may be adopted as a design tool during synthesis [13,34,35] or to tune the active working cycle of a material. As an example, we give a case study concerning the functional behavior of flexible MOFs for separation.…”

In situ Nanoscale Infrared Spectroscopy of Water Adsorption on Nanoislands of Surface‐Anchored Metal‐Organic Frameworks

“…However, these efforts have been dominated by several techniques that work under ultra‐high‐vacuum conditions, far away from real operating conditions, a problem also known as the pressure gap [6] . In contrast, techniques suitable to study adsorbate interaction at elevated pressures, such as vibrational spectroscopy, lack the required spatial resolution to provide structure‐performance relationships of specific (defective) sites [7–9] . To bridge this gap, new in situ , chemical‐ and highly‐sensitive nano‐spectroscopic tools are required [8, 10, 11] …”

“…[6] In contrast, techniques suitable to study adsorbate interaction at elevated pressures, such as vibrational spectroscopy, lack the required spatial resolution to provide structure-performance relationships of specific (defective) sites. [7][8][9] To bridge this gap, new in situ, chemical-and highly-sensitive nano-spectroscopic tools are required. [8,10,11] Our manuscript introduces in situ capability to the emerging field of Photoinduced Force Microscopy (PiFM), a highly sensitive and spatially resolved near-field infrared (IR) technique, to gain new insights into guest-host interactions at working conditions and in real-time.…”

“…[7][8][9] To bridge this gap, new in situ, chemical-and highly-sensitive nano-spectroscopic tools are required. [8,10,11] Our manuscript introduces in situ capability to the emerging field of Photoinduced Force Microscopy (PiFM), a highly sensitive and spatially resolved near-field infrared (IR) technique, to gain new insights into guest-host interactions at working conditions and in real-time. [12,13] We showcase that PiFM can be used to study structure-dependent adsorption on defective versus non-defective sites in a MOF by simultaneously uncovering topological and chemical information at the nanoscale with a spatial resolution down to 10 nm.…”

Identification of vanadium dopant sites in the metal–organic framework DUT-5(Al)

“…Various applications for MOFs have been demonstrated or are currently being explored, e.g. in catalysis, sensing, gas storage, separation and adsorption [4][5][6][7][8][9] . Our interest in these materials started with the MOF MIL-47 10 (MIL = Matériaux de l'Institut Lavoisier), consisting of V IV =O nodes connected by BDC (1,4benzenedicarboxylate) linkers, that proved to be an efficient catalyst in the liquid phase oxidation of cyclohexene 5 .…”