2012
DOI: 10.1021/ic202747q
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Spectroscopic, Structural, and Theoretical Studies of Halide Complexes with a Urea-Based Tripodal Receptor

Abstract: A urea-based tripodal receptor L substituted with p-cyanophenyl groups has been studied for halide anions by 1H NMR spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT) calculations and X-ray crystallography. The 1H NMR titration studies suggest that the receptor forms a 1:1 complex with an anion, showing the binding trend in the order of fluoride > chloride > bromide > iodide. The interaction of fluoride anion with the receptor was further confirmed by 2D NOESY and 19F NMR spectroscopy in DMSO-d6. DFT calculations i… Show more

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Cited by 52 publications
(63 citation statements)
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“…23,24 In general, a higher yield was achieved for urea-based receptor (90 %) than the thiourea-based receptor (73%). Attempts to obtain X-ray quality crystals of free receptors or anion complexes were unsuccessful.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 93%
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“…23,24 In general, a higher yield was achieved for urea-based receptor (90 %) than the thiourea-based receptor (73%). Attempts to obtain X-ray quality crystals of free receptors or anion complexes were unsuccessful.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Previously reported urea-based receptors linked with ethylene chains showed stronger binding for SO 4 2− than HSO 4 − , in DMSO- d 6 . 20h,23a Thus, the expansion of the tripodal cavity with propylene chains leads to the change of the selectivity patterns for HSO 4 − and SO 4 2− , showing greater selectivity for HSO 4 − . As compared to ethylene-chain analogues, 20h,23a, 23b the propylene chains in L1 and L2 might result in the higher basicity of the central nitrogen, which could be due to the weaker inductive effect 29 of urea/thiourea groups through the longer propylene chains.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The presence of three p -nitro groups as electron withdrawing substituents enhances the acidity of the attached NH groups, thereby increasing the overall activity of the ligand. This hypothesis was supported by a calculation of the electrostatic potential surfaces of a related compound at the M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level of theory, showing the most positive potential on the NH groups [21]. In addition, the conformational flexibility with six H-donor groups may allow the ligand to interact with active sites of a cell.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…Among the various anions, halides play an important role in environments and life [5]. Interactions between halides and synthetic receptors have been broadly investigated both experimentally and theoretically [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Studies indicate that these interactions are mainly attributed to hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attractions.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%