Spectroscopic diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in vivo using laser‐induced fluorescence spectra at multiple excitation wavlengths

Discriminant analysis of autofluorescence spectra for classification of oral lesions in vivo

“…LDA was then performed on the extracted significant principal components to determine the discriminant function scores. Each principal component is co-related to the spectral variables of the original fluorescence emission and provides insight into the spectral features that contribute to the classification [6,15]. An independent sample Student's t-test was carried out for testing the significance of mean PC scores between different tissue categories.…”

“…Fluorescence spectroscopy has been used successfully as in vivo and in vitro techniques for fast and non-invasive detection of cancers and pre-cancers in a variety of organ systems including cervix, bronchus, breast, esophagus, colon, skin, and oral cavity [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. De Veld et al [13] have given an extensive review of literature and presented the status of autofluorescence spectroscopy and imaging in the diagnosis of oral lesions in vivo.…”

Identification of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) using UV‐excited fluorescence and diffuse‐reflectance tissue spectroscopy

“…Table 3 indicates that while the classi®cations of CIN I, CIN II/III, and metaplasia from normal squamous are very good usinḡ uorescence spectroscopy, the differentiations of metaplasia from CIN I and from CIN II/III are not. Other investigators [25] have recognized this dif®culty with uorescence interrogation of the cervix and have attempted to expand the capabilities of¯uorescence methods to differentiate tissue through the use of multiple excitation wavelengths. The individual input wavelengths will excite the collection of¯uorophores in the tissue at different relative amounts due to the different quantum ef®ciencies of excitation at the selected wavelengths.…”

“…Figure 3 shows the mean¯uorescence spectra of each tissue type recorded during this study. The relative intensities among the spectra are similar to relative intensities reported in the literature [25] when an excitation wavelength of 380 nm was used. This wavelength is very close to the excitation wavelength used in this study (355 nm), and similar emission intensities are created using these wavelengths.…”

In vivo autofluorescence spectrofluorometry of central serotonin

“…It would permit the definition of a specific identifying marker for each compound based on its reaction to the different wavelengths applied. This property has been exploited to develop techniques for wide diagnostic applications, especially in the field of oncology (Wagnieres et al, 1998;Baraga et al, 1990;Bottiroli et al, 1995;Andersson-Engels et al, 1997;Holz et al, 1997;Marchesini et al, 1994;Sato et al, 2001;Ramanujam et al, 1996).…”