Spectroscopic, DFT, magnetic and biological activity evaluation of Pd(II), Pt(II) and Ru(III) complexes of Nitazoxanide

Effect of metal complex formation on the antibacterial activity of nitazoxanide: Spectroscopic and density functional theory calculations

“…The reaction of Co(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O or Ni(CH 3 COO) 2 ·4H 2 O with 1 equivalent of NTZ in acetone gave [Co(NTZ)(NO 3 ) 2 (OH 2 )] ( 1 ) and [Ni(NTZ)(CH 3 COO)(OH 2 )]·CH 3 COO ( 2 ) (Scheme ). To suggest the coordination mode of NTZ, monodentate (thiazole‐N, amide C=O or ‐COO group) or bidentate (thiazole‐N and amide C=O), the studies of the vibrational modes of the amide, ester and thiazole ring are useful in determining the interacted coordination sites. The ionization of the amide group may occur prior to chelation and subsequent coordination of NTZ via the deprotonated oxygen atom.…”

“…Recently, manganese (I) fac ‐tricarbonyl complex of NTZ has been synthesized as a photoinduced carbon monoxide‐releasing complex capable of CO release upon the exposure to the blue light at 468 nm. Structural studies and the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Pd(II), Pt(II) and Ru(III) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli have been recently reported. The inhibition process of NTZ was decreased upon the coordination to the latter metal ions.…”

Role of the auxiliary ligand in determining the genotoxicity and mode of cell death of thiosemicarbazone Pd(ii) complexes

“…The synthesis of cisplatin ana-logues through the replacement of the labile chloro or inert ammine ligands is one of the approaches to address the side effects of cisplatin. [5][6][7][8] Using metal ions or oxidation states other than Pt(II) (e.g., Pd(II), Ru(II), and Pt(IV)) and combining well-known active organic medications with metal complexes are some of the more innovative ways to combat the adverse side effects of cisplatin. Because Pd(II) and Pt(II) coordination compounds share comparable structures, Pd(II) complexes have drawn a lot of interest.…”

DNA/bovine serum albumin binding and cytotoxicity of transition metal ternary complexes based on sulfamethazine and bromazepam drugs

“…Recently, a variety of organometallic and coordination compounds of some drugs was synthesized and evaluated for their potential antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. [ 11–19 ] Formation of drug‐based metal complexes may lead to an improvement in the biological activity or drug resistance, which may depend on the lipophilicity, size of the cation, receptor sites and a combined electronic effect of the metal and the ligands. Coordination of the antibacterial drug, nifuroxazide (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 0.072 μM) to Pd(II) ion causes an enhancement in the potency against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC value of 0.029 μM, [ 11 ] whereas the activity of nitazoxanide, the antibacterial and antiparasitic drug, does not change upon the coordination to the same metal ion.…”

“…Coordination of the antibacterial drug, nifuroxazide (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 0.072 μM) to Pd(II) ion causes an enhancement in the potency against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC value of 0.029 μM, [ 11 ] whereas the activity of nitazoxanide, the antibacterial and antiparasitic drug, does not change upon the coordination to the same metal ion. [ 12 ] The binary complexes of Nifuroxazide with Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) show an interesting activity against Escherichia coli in the concentration range of 0.052–0.141 μM, [ 13 ] whereas similar complexes with nitazoxanide (MIC = 0.028–0.079 μM) exhibit superior toxicity to S . aureus than the free drug (0.084 μM).…”