Spectroscopic capture of 1 Hz volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> fluxes and integration with volcano geophysical data

McGonigle, Andrew J. S.; Aiuppa, Alessandro; Ripepe, Maurizio; Kantzas, Euripides P.; Tamburello, Giancarlo

doi:10.1029/2009gl040494

Cited by 32 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Moreover, the low time resolution of both techniques hampers detection of flux changes related to transient (≤tens of seconds) degassing-driven volcanic phenomena, such as strombolian and vulcanian explosions (McGonigle et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

Tamburello

Kantzas

McGonigle

et al. 2011

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The UV camera is becoming an important new tool in the armory of volcano geochemists to derive high time resolution SO 2 flux measurements. Furthermore, the high camera spatial resolution is particularly useful for exploring multiple-source SO 2 gas emissions, for instance the composite fumarolic systems topping most quiescent volcanoes. Here, we report on the first SO 2 flux measurements from individual fumaroles of the fumarolic field of La Fossa crater (Vulcano Island, Aeolian Island), which we performed using a UV camera in two field campaigns: in November 12, 2009 and February 4, 2010. We derived~0.5 Hz SO 2 flux time-series finding fluxes from individual fumaroles, ranging from 2 to 8.7 t d −1 , with a total emission from the entire system of~20 t d −1 and~13 t d −1 , in November 2009 and February 2010 respectively. These data were augmented with molar H 2 S/SO 2 , CO 2 /SO 2 and H 2 O/SO 2 ratios, measured using a portable MultiGAS analyzer, for the individual fumaroles. Using the SO 2 flux data in tandem with the molar ratios, we calculated the flux of volcanic species from individual fumaroles, and the crater as a whole: CO 2 (684 t d −1 and 293 t d −1 ), H 2 S (8 t d −1 and 7.5 t d −1 ) and H 2 O (580 t d −1 and 225 t d −1 ).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

Tamburello

Kantzas

McGonigle

et al. 2011

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…The first report of high time resolution (≈1 Hz) degassing data being corroborated with geophysical data concerned explosions on the Stromboli volcano [41]. This study was performed using spectroscopy, rather than UV imaging, but, in common with a more recent UV camera study on this target [49], it revealed linear correlations between the magnitudes of the recorded degassing, thermal, and very long period (VLP) seismic signatures for the events.…”

Section: Combination Of Uv Camera Degassing Data With Geophysical Datmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Whilst this has been achieved spectroscopically with high temporal resolution differential optical absorption spectroscopy observations [41], and even with a correlation spectrometer [47], it is far easier to resolve these emissions with the cameras' imaging capacity. The eruptions where SO 2 masses have been constrained with UV imagery have been ash-poor, strombolian, or weakly vulcanian events.…”

Section: Improving the Spatio-temporal Resolution Of Volcanic Degassingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, fluctuations in passive degassing on timescales of 10 s to 1000 s of seconds have been resolved using UV cameras [40], building on earlier observations of this phenomenon using a non-imaging dual spectrometer approach involving units with cylindrical lenses and quasi-horizontal fields of view [41,42]. Based on observations on Mt.…”

Section: Improving the Spatio-temporal Resolution Of Volcanic Degassingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultraviolet Imaging of Volcanic Plumes: A New Paradigm in Volcanology

et al. 2017

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Ultraviolet imaging has been applied in volcanology over the last ten years or so. This provides considerably higher temporal and spatial resolution volcanic gas emission rate data than available previously, enabling the volcanology community to investigate a range of far faster plume degassing processes than achievable hitherto. To date, this has covered rapid oscillations in passive degassing through conduits and lava lakes, as well as puffing and explosions, facilitating exciting connections to be made for the first time between previously rather separate sub-disciplines of volcanology. Firstly, there has been corroboration between geophysical and degassing datasets at ≈1 Hz, expediting more holistic investigations of volcanic source-process behaviour. Secondly, there has been the combination of surface observations of gas release with fluid dynamic models (numerical, mathematical, and laboratory) for gas flow in conduits, in attempts to link subterranean driving flow processes to surface activity types. There has also been considerable research and development concerning the technique itself, covering error analysis and most recently the adaptation of smartphone sensors for this application, to deliver gas fluxes at a significantly lower instrumental price point than possible previously. At this decadal juncture in the application of UV imaging in volcanology, this article provides an overview of what has been achieved to date as well as a forward look to possible future research directions.

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“…Furthermore, the possibility of non-aliased corroboration between volcanic degassing and geophysical (≈1 Hz) data streams, as recently achieved with a related approach by McGonigle et al (2009), offers promise to significantly deepen our volcanological understanding. Earlier attempts at such multi-parametric analyses, albeit on the basis of the then available far coarser time resolution SO 2 fluxes, have confirmed the great potential contained therein (e.g., Fischer et al, 1994;Watson et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protocols for UV camera volcanic SO2 measurements

Kantzas

McGonigle

Tamburello

et al. 2010

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Ultraviolet camera technology offers considerable promise for enabling 1 Hz timescale acquisitions of volcanic degassing phenomena, providing two orders of magnitude improvements on sampling frequencies from conventionally applied scanning spectrometer systems. This could, for instance enable unprecedented insights into rapid processes, such as strombolian explosions, and non-aliased corroboration with volcano geophysical data. The uptake of this technology has involved disparate methodological approaches, hitherto. As a means of expediting the further proliferation of such systems, we here study these diverse protocols, with the aim of suggesting those we consider optimal. In particular we cover: choice and set up of hardware, calibration for vignetting and for absolute concentrations using quartz SO 2 cells, the retrieval algorithm and whether one or two filters, or indeed cameras, are necessary. This work also involves direct intercomparisons with narrowband observations obtained with a scanning spectrometer system, employing a differential optical absorption spectroscopic evaluation routine, as a means of methodological validation.

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Spectroscopic capture of 1 Hz volcanic SO₂ fluxes and integration with volcano geophysical data

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

Ultraviolet Imaging of Volcanic Plumes: A New Paradigm in Volcanology

Protocols for UV camera volcanic SO2 measurements

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Spectroscopic capture of 1 Hz volcanic SO2 fluxes and integration with volcano geophysical data

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

Ultraviolet Imaging of Volcanic Plumes: A New Paradigm in Volcanology

Protocols for UV camera volcanic SO2 measurements

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Spectroscopic capture of 1 Hz volcanic SO₂ fluxes and integration with volcano geophysical data