Spectroscopic and chromatographic investigation of soil organic matter composition for different agrosystems from arid saline soils from Southeastern Tunisia

Omar, Zohra; Bouajila, Abdelhakim; Bouajila, Jalloul; Rahmani, Rami; Besser, Houda; Hamed, Younes

doi:10.1007/s12517-020-05569-3

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…SOM concentrations ranged between 0.39 and 1.39%; and between 0.55 and 0.87%, respectively, in CS and NS. Our results are in agreement with those detected by Mlih et al (2019), Omar et al (2020), andZnaidi et al (2020) in soils of arid regions of Tunisia, by Elbasiouny et al (2017) in reclaimed cultivated soils of the Nile Delta, Egypt and by Shahabinejad et al (2019) in arid regions of Iran.…”

Section: Soil Propertiessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The pH values can be attributed to the high levels of carbonate calcium and gypsum (Corti et al, 2020). Similar pH values are detected by Mlih et al (2019) and Omar et al (2020) in the same regions under cultivated and non-cultivated soils. However, higher EC value in CS can be explained particularly by the use of saline water in irrigation (2.5 g/L to 4 g/L) (Omar et al, 2017;Corti et al, 2020).…”

Section: Soil Propertiessupporting

confidence: 72%

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Soil Contamination by Phthalate Esters in Cultivated and Non-Cultivated Soils in North African Arid Regions: A Tunisian Case Study

Bouajila¹,

Omar²,

Saoud³

et al. 2022

Environ. Nat. Resour. J.

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Over the last decades, several studies showed that phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were ubiquitous environmental contaminants and became a major threat to human health. This study provided the first case study about the concentration and the potential sources of soil’s PAEs, both in Tunisia and North Africa. Soil samples were collected from four cultivated (CS) and two adjacent native soils (NS) at 0-10 cm and 10-30 cm layers in southeastern Tunisia. The PAEs concentrations were analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system. Results showed that the total concentration of PAEs ranged from 2.40 to 11.05%. Higher values were detected in NS in the 0-10 cm layer contrary to CS which showed higher PAEs concentration in 10-30 cm depth. The di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the most abundant PAEs. In the 0-10 cm layer, PAEs concentration was highly related to the age of the plastic film in CS. We observed a positive association between PAEs concentration and conductivity (EC) values. The PAEs concentrations were affected by the presence of soil organic matter (SOM) in CS. This decrease of PAEs in CS compared to the NS may be related to the microbial decomposition activity stimulated by the presence of fresh organic residues and fertilizers. These results showed that CS and adjacent NS in the studied regions were contaminated by PAEs which is probably a result of agricultural activities. More investigations on PAEs concentrations in various soil managements are needed to confirm these results.

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Section: Soil Propertiessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Soil Propertiessupporting

confidence: 72%

Soil Contamination by Phthalate Esters in Cultivated and Non-Cultivated Soils in North African Arid Regions: A Tunisian Case Study

Bouajila¹,

Omar²,

Saoud³

et al. 2022

Environ. Nat. Resour. J.

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“…Generally, saline soils have low organic matter content [32]. However, it is recently reported that several organic amendments made from agricultural wastes such as green manures, farmyard and poultry manure, agro-industrial by-products, food processing wastes, mulches, cover crops, and composts can be very helpful in improving soil health and plant growth under saline conditions [33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic Amendments in Soil on Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Vachellia nilotica and Dalbergia sissoo under Saline Stress

Yousaf

Nawaz

Yasin

et al. 2022

Plants

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Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H. Hurther & Mabb. and Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. are two of the most important multipurpose agroforestry tree species of the Indian sub-continent, but their growth in saline soils is greatly reduced. Recently, organic amendments have showed the potential to increase plant growth in salt-affected soils; however, the influence of using these amendments for growing the above-mentioned tree species under saline conditions is not yet quantified. Therefore, an experiment was devised to analyze the interactive effects of organic amendments in saline soils on the growth of V. nilotica and D. sissoo. Under controlled conditions, a pot experiment was conducted in sandy loam saline soils (EC = 20.5 dSm−1). Organic amendments from four diverse sources: farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM), slurry (SL), and farmyard manure biochar (FYMB) were employed in this study. At the harvesting time, data regarding morphological, physiological, ionic, and biochemical parameters were obtained. The current study results indicated that both tree species reacted differently, but positively, to diverse applied amendments. The maximum increment in total above-ground biomass, total below-ground biomass, and shoot length for V. nilotica (163.8%, 116.3%, and 68.2%, respectively) was observed in FYM amended soils, while the maximum increment for D. sissoo (128%, 86%, and 107%, respectively) was observed in FYMB amended soils, as compared to control. Minimum plant growth of both species was observed in untreated soils (saline soils). Likewise, the maximum potassium ion and minimum sodium ion concentrations were present in the root and shoots of plants (both species) treated with FYMB. The use of organic amendments resulted in decreased concentrations of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide, and increased concentrations of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, and CAT. Moreover, higher photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance were observed in the plants grown in amended soils. The findings of this study can be used to include the above-mentioned high-value tree species for future afforestation programs under saline conditions.

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“…Compared with SS strata, five sediments of SB strata generally exhibited a higher content of ketone C O groups (1,869-1,678 cm −1 ) and a lower content of aliphatic C (2,926-2,847 cm −1 ), with an equal abundance of alcohols (1,168-1,078 cm −1 and 1,031-1,028 cm −1 ) (Figure 3). The enrichment of aliphatic C forms in SS strata may be associated with a more advanced stage of OM decomposition (Omar et al, 2020), with the persistence of aliphatic C groups during decomposition suggesting that it may represent relatively stable and recalcitrant forms of C in sediments (Lorenz et al, 2007;Calderón et al, 2011). Therefore, OM and the microorganisms that can decompose OM should be more abundant in SS than in SB strata.…”

Section: Discussion Ftir Analysis Of Sediment Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 98%

Nature of Volatile Organic Matter in Lake Sediments as a Reflection of Paleoclimate Changes Occurring at 4 ka in the Central Qaidam Basin

Zhang²,

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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This study explores the paleoclimate changes around the 4 ka BP period in the central Qaidam Basin (QB), assessing the differences in spectral characteristics and organic composition of salt lake sediments under different climate change conditions. Sediment samples (10-m-depth profile) were collected from the middle of dry salt flats in East Taijinar Lake (China). Sediment organic matter (SOM) was assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results showed a significant difference in the TOC content of sediments with different lithological characteristics. A lower TOC content in salt-bearing strata was attributed to the extreme sedimentary environment with minimal exogenous inputs. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the SOM in sediments included aliphatic C, ketones and alcohols. Sediments of salt-bearing strata generally exhibited a rise in the content of ketone C=O groups and a decrease in aliphatic C, with an equal content of alcohols compared with silty sand. Therefore, exogenous OM and the content of TOC in silty sand strata are higher than in salt-bearing strata, indicating that the paleoclimate became warmer and wetter after 4 ka BP. GC-MS analysis showed a significant difference between the phenol and aldehyde content in different strata, further indicating that the paleoclimate changed from dry to relatively warm around 4 ka BP. Seven organic compound types were identified in SOM, including aldehydes, hydrocarbons, phenols, esters, ketones, alcohols, and furans. Different strata exhibited different distributions of organic compounds, with particularly high concentrations of aldehydes in salt-bearing strata and phenols in silty sand. Correlation analysis was performed between detrital minerals and OM types in all samples. Results showed a strong positive correlation between detrital minerals and phenols and a strong negative correlation between detrital minerals and aldehydes, with a negative correlation also identified between detrital minerals and ketones. Overall, the reduction in volatile organic compounds demonstrates that the paleoclimate changed from cooler and dry to wet and warm around the 4 ka BP period in the central QB, with the carbon preference index and n-alkane values further demonstrating these results. This study also confirms the importance of volatile organic compound monitoring to assess paleoclimate changes.

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Spectroscopic and chromatographic investigation of soil organic matter composition for different agrosystems from arid saline soils from Southeastern Tunisia

Cited by 8 publications

References 80 publications

Soil Contamination by Phthalate Esters in Cultivated and Non-Cultivated Soils in North African Arid Regions: A Tunisian Case Study

Soil Contamination by Phthalate Esters in Cultivated and Non-Cultivated Soils in North African Arid Regions: A Tunisian Case Study

Effect of Organic Amendments in Soil on Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Vachellia nilotica and Dalbergia sissoo under Saline Stress

Nature of Volatile Organic Matter in Lake Sediments as a Reflection of Paleoclimate Changes Occurring at 4 ka in the Central Qaidam Basin

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