“…If the steam comes in contact with milk and milk products, the two amines are totally excluded from steam. 11 Cyclohexylamine and morpholine can be analysed by an array of analytical techniques such as high-pressure liquid chromatography, 12 ion chromatography, 13 or spectrophotometry 14 with detection limits in the required low partper million (ppm) range. Electroanalytical techniques are sensitive portable and cost-effective especially through the use of screen-printed electrochemical sensors which have scales of economy.…”
“…If the steam comes in contact with milk and milk products, the two amines are totally excluded from steam. 11 Cyclohexylamine and morpholine can be analysed by an array of analytical techniques such as high-pressure liquid chromatography, 12 ion chromatography, 13 or spectrophotometry 14 with detection limits in the required low partper million (ppm) range. Electroanalytical techniques are sensitive portable and cost-effective especially through the use of screen-printed electrochemical sensors which have scales of economy.…”
“…Some techniques, such as gas chromatography (GC), [6][7][8][9][10] high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), [11][12][13][14] titration, 15 ion chromatography (IC), 16,17 capillary electrophoresis (CE), 18 eld asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) 19 and spectrophotometry, have already been reported for the determination of DEA or alcamines. 20 Of these methods, titration is the stated standard method used in the chemical industry standard of China for determination of DEA in industrial use (HG/T 2916-1997). 13 However, this method is time-consuming, labor-intensive and involves complicated procedures.…”
“…Along with amine, hydrazine is injected to scavenge dissolved oxygen, and thereby produce reducing conditions. The treatment is called as an all volatile treatment (AVT), and the amines are used as AVT reagents [1–3]. Ammonia (earlier used) was replaced by cyclohexylamine and morpholine as AVT reagents because of their less volatility [3, 4].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The treatment is called as an all volatile treatment (AVT), and the amines are used as AVT reagents [1–3]. Ammonia (earlier used) was replaced by cyclohexylamine and morpholine as AVT reagents because of their less volatility [3, 4]. This change allowed the pH of the steam condensate from the turbine cycle to be increased to a level that significantly reduced flow-assisted corrosion.…”
A simple, rapid and accurate method for the determination of monoethanolamine (MEA) in PHWR steam-water circuits has been developed. MEA is added in the feed water to provide protection against corrosion while hydrazine is added to scavenge dissolved oxygen. The quantitative determination of MEA in presence of hydrazine was accomplished using derivatization ion chromatography with conductometric detection in nonsuppressed mode. A Metrosep cation 1-2 analytical column and a Metrosep cartridge were used for cation separation. A mixture of 4 mM tartaric acid, 20% acetone and 0.05 mM HNO3 was used as eluent. Acetone in the mobile phase leads to the formation of different derivatives with MEA and hydrazine. The interferences due Na+ and NH4
+ were eliminated by adopting a simple pretreatment procedure employing OnGuard-H cartridge. The limit of detection limit of MEA was 0.1 μg mL−1 and the relative standard deviation was 2% for the overall method. The recovery of MEA added was in the range 95%–102%. The method was applied to the determination of MEA in steam generator water samples.
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