Quantification of corrosion inhibitors used in the water industry for steam condensate treatment: the indirect electroanalytical sensing of morpholine and cyclohexylamine

Kolliopoulos, Athanasios; Metters, Jonathan P.; Banks, Craig E.

doi:10.1039/c4ew00033a

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…On the other hand, the effluent from the TOC meter and O 3 injector was more acidic. While a pH higher than 8.5 can favor fouling and deposits in these systems, an acidic pH (less than 3.0) increases the risk of corrosion (Kolliopoulos et al, 2015). An important result was the low total alkalinity at P1 that had the highest pH value; this shows that effluent from P1 can be easily neutralized before reuse.…”

Section: Parametersmentioning

confidence: 82%

Technical feasibility of reuse of effluent generated from reverse osmosis system in a pharmaceutical plant

2017

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Reuse reduces the consumption of freshwater supplies and the negative environmental impact caused by the discharge of industrial effluents. Some industries have already adopted this practice; however, no studies were found in the literature regarding this subject in the pharmaceutical industry. This work investigated the potential reuse of effluent (concentrate) generated from the Reverse Osmosis/Electro-deionization System (RO/EDI) that is used for the production of purified water in a Brazilian pharmaceutical plant. This industrial complex consumed about 200,000 m 3 of water per year between 2012 and 2013 to produce one million of doses of vaccines, i.e., 2 L of water per dose of vaccine produced. During this period, the RO/EDI produced 27,000 m 3 of purified water annually and generated 24,000 m 3 of effluent (concentrate). This amount of effluent could be used to supply the production of industry steam (boilers) and/or cold water (cooling towers) that annually consumed an average of 12,000 m 3 and 40,000 m 3 , respectively. The reuse of this effluent would result in a gross financial savings of 96,000 USD per year, excluding the costs of installation and control. From what has been researched in the literature, this work showed for the first time the possibility of reuse of effluent from RO/EDI System in the pharmaceutical industry.Keywords: effluent reuse; pharmaceutical industry; vaccine production.Viabilidade técnica de reúso de efluente gerado do sistema de osmose reversa em uma indústria farmacêutica RESUMO O reúso é uma alternativa para ajudar na redução do consumo de água e no impacto ambiental negativo causado pela descarga de efluentes industriais. Algumas indústrias já têm adotado esta prática em seus processos; no entanto, não foram encontrados na literatura estudos sobre esta temática para a indústria farmacêutica. Este trabalho investigou o potencial de reutilização do efluente (concentrado) gerado pelo Sistema de Osmose Reversa/Eletrodeionização (OR/EDI), que é usado na produção de água purificada em uma unidade farmacêutica brasileira. Este complexo industrial consumiu, entre 2012 e 2013, cerca de 200.000 m 3 de água por ano para produzir um milhão de doses de vacinas, ou seja, cerca de 2 litros de água consumida por dose de vacina produzida. Durante este período, o sistema OR/EDI produziu anualmente 27.000 m 3 de água purificada e gerou 24.000 m 3 de efluente (concentrado) por ano. Esta quantidade de efluente poderia ser usada para suprir a produção de vapor (caldeiras) e/ou água gelada (torres de refrigeração) que consumiram anualmente uma média de 12.000 m 3 e 40.000 m 3 de água potável, respectivamente. A reutilização deste efluente resultaria em uma economia bruta de R$ 384.000,00 por ano, excluindo os custos de implantação e controle. Pelo que se pesquisou na literatura, este trabalho mostrou pela primeira vez a possibilidade de reúso de efluente de um sistema OR/EDI em uma indústria farmacêutica.Palavras-chave: indústria farmacêutica; produção de vacinas; reúso de efluente indus...

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Section: Parametersmentioning

confidence: 82%

Technical feasibility of reuse of effluent generated from reverse osmosis system in a pharmaceutical plant

2017

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“…In this approach, chemical moieties are employed which first chemically react with the target analytes, in this case MPA and 2-AI, to produce a product which can be electrochemically monitored and provide the indirect electrochemical signal with which to measure the target analytes. Based on previous work for the indirect detection of amine cyclohexylamine 27 the following mediator was chosen: N,N′-(1,4-phenylene) dibenzenesulfonamide.…”

Section: Electrochemical Detection Of Mpa and 2-aimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a pH above the pK a ) and not as their conjugative acids as in this form they do not react with the selected mediators. 27 Fig. 2A depicts typical linear sweep voltammograms observed using the indirect sensing approach where the product is monitored using SPEs.…”

Section: Electrochemical Detection Of Mpa and 2-aimentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic electrochemistry: indirect electrochemical sensing of the components of the new psychoactive substance “Synthacaine”

Cumba

Kolliopoulos

Smith

et al. 2015

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"Synthacaine" is a New Psychoactive Substance which is, due to its inherent psychoactive properties, reported to imitate the effects of cocaine and is therefore consequently branded as "legal cocaine". The only analytical approach reported to date for the sensing of "Synthacaine" is mass spectrometry. In this paper, we explore and evaluate a range of potential analytical techniques for its quantification and potential use in the field screening "Synthacaine" using Raman spectroscopy, presumptive (colour) testing, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and electrochemistry. HPLC analysis of street samples reveals that "Synthacaine" comprises a mixture of methiopropamine (MPA) and 2-aminoindane (2-AI). Raman spectroscopy and presumptive (colour) tests, the Marquis, Mandelin, Simon's and Robadope test, are evaluated towards a potential in-the-field screening approach but are found to not be able to discriminate between the two when they are both present in the same sample, as is the case in the real street samples. We report for the first time a novel indirect electrochemical protocol for the sensing of MPA and 2-AI which is independently validated in street samples with HPLC. This novel electrochemical approach based upon one-shot disposable cost effective screen-printed graphite macroelectrodes holds potential for in-the-field screening for "Synthacaine".

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“…There is a strong need for analytical methods for on-site analysis and quantification of corrosion inhibitor residues in the large HP water tube boiler plants systems with fast response times, preferably with little or no special sample preparation. − From such samples, the analytical data obtained should be useful in maintaining the appropriate levels of the inhibitor in the water tube boiler plants. This is useful not only for quality control but in the development of new effective corrosion inhibitors to combat corrosion in large high pressure (HP) water tube boiler plants. − …”

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confidence: 99%

Screening and Quantification of Aliphatic Primary Alkyl Corrosion Inhibitor Amines in Water Samples by Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2016

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Direct analysis and identification of long chain aliphatic primary diamine Duomeen O (n-oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane), corrosion inhibitor in raw water samples taken from a large medium pressure water tube boiler plant water samples at low LODs (<0.1 pg) has been demonstrated for the first time, without any sample preparation using paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS). The presence of Duomeen O in water samples was confirmed via tandem mass spectrometry using collision-induced dissociation and supported by exact mass measurement and reactive paper spray experiments using an LTQ Orbitrap Exactive instrument. Data shown herein indicate that paper spray ambient ionization can be readily used as a rapid and robust method for in situ direct analysis of polymanine corrosion inhibitors in an industrial water boiler plant and other related samples in the water treatment industry. This approach was applied for the analysis of three complex water samples including feedwater, condensate water, and boiler water, all collected from large medium pressure (MP) water tube boiler plants, known to be dosed with varying amounts of polyamine and amine corrosion inhibitor components. Polyamine chemistry is widely used for example in large high pressure (HP) boilers operating in municipal waste and recycling facilities to prevent corrosion of metals. The samples used in this study are from such a facility in Coventry waste treatment facility, U.K., which has 3 × 40 tonne/hour boilers operating at 17.5 bar.

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Quantification of corrosion inhibitors used in the water industry for steam condensate treatment: the indirect electroanalytical sensing of morpholine and cyclohexylamine

Abstract: Corrosion inhibitors are widely used in the water industry for steam condensate treatment.

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Technical feasibility of reuse of effluent generated from reverse osmosis system in a pharmaceutical plant

Technical feasibility of reuse of effluent generated from reverse osmosis system in a pharmaceutical plant

Forensic electrochemistry: indirect electrochemical sensing of the components of the new psychoactive substance “Synthacaine”

Screening and Quantification of Aliphatic Primary Alkyl Corrosion Inhibitor Amines in Water Samples by Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry

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