Spectrophotometric Determination of Hydrazine

George, Mary; Nagaraja, K.S.; Balasubramanian, N.

doi:10.1080/00032710701585552

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Hydrazine was determined by spectrophotometrically using a Hach Lange DR2800 type spectrophotometer. Prior to the application of the Hach Lange HydraVer 2 reagent (containing p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde), 0.5% solution of sulfamic acid was added to the sample as described by George et al (2008) in order to eliminate interference from NO x -(NO 2 -? NO 3 -).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate-reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a potential treatment method for high nitrogen-content wastewater

et al. 2011

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After sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation (SRAO) was first assumed in 2001, several works have been published describing this process in laboratory-scale bioreactors or occurring in the nature. In this paper, the SRAO process was performed using reject water as a substrate for microorganisms and a source of NH(4) (+), with SO(4) (2-) being added as an electron acceptor. At a moderate temperature of 20°C in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) sulfate reduction along with ammonium oxidation were established. In an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR) the SRAO process took place at 36°C. Average volumetric TN removal rates of 0.03 kg-N/m³/day in the MBBR and 0.04 kg-N/m³/day in the UASBR were achieved, with long-term moderate average removal efficiencies, respectively. Uncultured bacteria clone P4 and uncultured planctomycete clone Amx-PAn30 were detected from the biofilm of the MBBR, from sludge of the UASBR uncultured Verrucomicrobiales bacterium clone De2102 and Uncultured bacterium clone ATB-KS-1929 were found also. The stoichiometrical ratio of NH(4) (+) removal was significantly higher than could be expected from the extent of SO(4) (2-) reduction. This phenomenon can primarily be attributed to complex interactions between nitrogen and sulfur compounds and organic matter present in the wastewater. The high NH(4) (+) removal ratio can be attributed to sulfur-utilizing denitrification/denitritation providing the evidence that SRAO is occurring independently and is not a result of sulfate reduction and anammox. HCO(3) (-) concentrations exceeding 1,000 mg/l were found to have an inhibiting effect on the SRAO process. Small amounts of hydrazine were naturally present in the reaction medium, indicating occurrence of the anammox process. Injections of anammox intermediates, hydrazine and hydroxylamine, had a positive effect on SRAO process performance, particularly in the case of the UASBR.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate-reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a potential treatment method for high nitrogen-content wastewater

et al. 2011

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“…The content of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was measured by a gas chromatograph Shimadzu GC-2014 using the Phenomenex Zebron ZB-WAXplus GUARDIAN column. Hydrazine concentration (measuring range 0-600 lg/l) was measured by Dr. Lange method (based on method described by Watt and Chrisp 1952): into 10 ml of sample 0.5 ml of paradimethylaminobenzaldehyde dissolved in ethanol (Hydraver 2 reagent) was added and NO 2 -interference was eliminated by 0.5% sulfamic acid (George et al 2008). After 12 min reaction time hydrazine concentration was measured at 458 nm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anammox enrichment from reject water on blank biofilm carriers and carriers containing nitrifying biomass: operation of two moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR)

et al. 2012

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The anammox bacteria were enriched from reject water of anaerobic digestion of municipal wastewater sludge onto moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system carriers-the ones initially containing no biomass (MBBR1) as well as the ones containing nitrifying biomass (MBBR2). Duration of start-up periods of the both reactors was similar (about 100 days), but stable total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency occurred earlier in the system containing nitrifying biomass. Anammox TN removal efficiency of 70% was achieved by 180 days in both 20 l volume reactors at moderate temperature of 26.0°C. During the steady state phase of operation of MBBRs the average TN removal efficiencies and maximum TN removal rates in MBBR1 were 80% (1,000 g-N/m(3)/day, achieved by 308 days) and in MBBR2 85% (1,100 g-N/m(3)/day, achieved by 266 days). In both reactors mixed bacterial cultures were detected. Uncultured Planctomycetales bacterium clone P4, Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii and uncultured Nitrospira sp. clone 53 were identified by PCR-DGGE from the system initially containing blank biofilm carriers as well as from the nitrifying biofilm system; from the latter in addition to these also uncultured ammonium oxidizing bacterium clone W1 and Nitrospira sp. clone S1-62 were detected. FISH analysis revealed that anammox microorganisms were located in clusters in the biofilm. Using previously grown nitrifying biofilm matrix for anammox enrichment has some benefits over starting up the process from zero, such as less time for enrichment and protection against severe inhibitions in case of high substrate loading rates.

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“…Because of the great importance of hydrazine, its accurate and economical determination is still a challenging research in analytical chemistry. Several instrumental methods for the determination of hydrazine by flow injection analysis with fluorimetric (Ensafi and Rezaei 1998), chemiluminescence detection (Huang et al 1999), optical chemicalsensors (Gojon et al 1999), potentiometric (Ganesh et al 2011), spectrophotometric (George et al 2007), chromatography (Mori et al 2004), and capillary electrophoresis (Siangproh et al 2005) methods have been described in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of novel TiO2 nanoparticles/Mn(III) salen doped carbon paste electrode: application as electrochemical sensor for the determination of hydrazine in the presence of phenol

Mahmoudi–Moghaddam

Beitollahi

Tajik

et al. 2015

Environ Monit Assess

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Hydrazine and phenol are two important environmental pollutants. In this work, an electrochemical sensor for the selective and sensitive detection of hydrazine in presence of phenol was developed by the bulk modification of carbon paste electrode (CPE) with TiO2 nanoparticles and Mn(III) salen. Large peak separation, good sensitivity, and stability allow this modified electrode to analyze hydrazine individually and simultaneously along with phenol. Applying square wave voltammetry (SWV), a linear dynamic range of 3 × 10(-8)-4.0 × 10(-4) M with detection limit of 10.0 nM was obtained for hydrazine. Finally, the proposed method was applied to the determination of hydrazine and phenol in some real samples.

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Spectrophotometric Determination of Hydrazine

Cited by 43 publications

References 11 publications

Sulfate-reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a potential treatment method for high nitrogen-content wastewater

Sulfate-reducing anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a potential treatment method for high nitrogen-content wastewater

Anammox enrichment from reject water on blank biofilm carriers and carriers containing nitrifying biomass: operation of two moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR)

Fabrication of novel TiO2 nanoparticles/Mn(III) salen doped carbon paste electrode: application as electrochemical sensor for the determination of hydrazine in the presence of phenol

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