Anammox enrichment from reject water on blank biofilm carriers and carriers containing nitrifying biomass: operation of two moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR)

Abstract

The anammox bacteria were enriched from reject water of anaerobic digestion of municipal wastewater sludge onto moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system carriers-the ones initially containing no biomass (MBBR1) as well as the ones containing nitrifying biomass (MBBR2). Duration of start-up periods of the both reactors was similar (about 100 days), but stable total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency occurred earlier in the system containing nitrifying biomass. Anammox TN removal efficiency of 70% was achieved by 180 days in both 20 l volume reactors at moderate temperature of 26.0°C. During the steady state phase of operation of MBBRs the average TN removal efficiencies and maximum TN removal rates in MBBR1 were 80% (1,000 g-N/m(3)/day, achieved by 308 days) and in MBBR2 85% (1,100 g-N/m(3)/day, achieved by 266 days). In both reactors mixed bacterial cultures were detected. Uncultured Planctomycetales bacterium clone P4, Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii and uncultured Nitrospira sp. clone 53 were identified by PCR-DGGE from the system initially containing blank biofilm carriers as well as from the nitrifying biofilm system; from the latter in addition to these also uncultured ammonium oxidizing bacterium clone W1 and Nitrospira sp. clone S1-62 were detected. FISH analysis revealed that anammox microorganisms were located in clusters in the biofilm. Using previously grown nitrifying biofilm matrix for anammox enrichment has some benefits over starting up the process from zero, such as less time for enrichment and protection against severe inhibitions in case of high substrate loading rates.

High efficacy on diclofenac removal by activated carbon produced from potato peel waste

“…Although there has been an effort to improve biological treatments in WWTPs for nitrogen and organic carbon compounds (Zekker et al 2012c(Zekker et al , 2014(Zekker et al , 2015(Zekker et al , 2016, the removal percentages of DCF in WWTPs are usually low, 21-40 %, (Zhang et al 2008) due to its poor biodegradation during biological treatment.…”

Comparison of the MBBR denitrification carriers for advanced nitrogen removal of wastewater treatment plant effluent

“…The carriers must have high mechanical strength, high corrosion wear resistance, good suspendability, large specific surface area, high surface roughness, and easy for microbial adhesion, etc. Polyethylene (Dupla et al 2006;Martina et al 2010;Rusten et al 2006;Stinson et al 2009), polypropylene (Dupla et al 2006), polyurethane foams (Chu and Wang 2011), and haydite (Delnavaz et al 2010;Wei et al 2011) are widely used as MBBR carriers to treat reject water (Zekker et al 2012), landfill leachate (Welander et al 1998), domestic sewage (Hapeshi et al 2013;Martina et al 2010;Mases et al 2010;Stinson et al 2009), etc. Microorganisms with denitrification function are widely distributed, which are independent of system differentiation; therefore, 16S rRNA gene probe is not suitable for environmental denitrification community analysis (Scala and Kerkhof 1998). As an alternative approach, functional genes are applied to investigate the denitrifican structure and diversity in environmental samples.…”

Influence of hydraulic retention time on heterotrophic biomass in a wastewater moving bed membrane bioreactor treatment plant

“…This carrier has been widely studied in moving bed research by other authors, such as Melin et al (2005), Canziani et al (2006), Leiknes and Ødegaard (2007) and Falletti and Conte (2007). Also, similar carriers, such as Bioflow 9 Media, have been used in other studies (Zekker et al 2011(Zekker et al , 2012a. The carriers were contained in the cylindrical reactor with a 20 ± 0.19 % filling ratio (rate between the apparent carrier volume and the operational volume of the bioreactor).…”