Spectrophotometric determination of gallium(III) with carminic acid and hexadecylpyridinium chloride

Abstract

Abstract. The coloured complex formed betweenGa(III) and carminic acid (CA) was utilized for developing a spectrophotometric method of gallium deterruination in the presence of the cationic surfactant hexadecylpyridinium chloride (HDPC), which caused a bathochromic shift in the absorption spectrum and an increase in extinction. The Ga(III): CA molar ratio was 1:4 in the presence of HDPC. The complex exhibited a molar absorptivity of 3.0 x 104 dm 3 mo1-1 cm -1 at 570 nm in an aqeous solution of pH 4.0. Beer's law was obeyed between 2.0 x 10-6-2.0 x 10 -SM Ga(III), and the relative standard deviation for gallium analysis was 1.4%. Most ions did not interfere, with a few exceptions which could be masked with either diethyldithiocarbamate, ascorbic acid, thioglycollic acid or fluoride. The developed method was successfully applied without any preliminary separation to gallium determination in gallium arsenide (GaAs) semiconductor materials, and with prior extraction in a geostandard tonalite sample containing very high proportions of Fe(III) and AI(III).

Novel approach for the determination of zirconium by solid-phase spectrophotometry

“…Different spectroanalytical techniques such as molecular fluorescence spectrophotometry [3], atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) [4], inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) [5,6], laser ablation inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (LAICP-OES) [7], Xray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) [8,9], induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) [10][11][12][13], and UV-Vis spectrophotometry [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Other…”

Spectrophotometric Determination of Gallium(III) with Rutin

“…27.2 ± 0.4 Phenylfluorone method 12 26.8 ± 0.4 Carminic acid method 13 26.7 ± 0.5 Table 2 Ga analysis in sphalerite (1 g)…”

“…12 The authors previously developed a carminic acid spectrophotometric determination of Ga where the colored chelate was solubilized in aqueous solution with hexadecylpyridinium chloride (HDPC) at pH 4.0. 13 Agrawal and Bhatt concluded that the nonselectivity of the color reagent or a lack of suitable masking agents seriously limited the practical usefulness of most spectrophotometric procedures. 10 This work makes use of rutin, a flavonoid ligand containing carbonyl and four hydroxyl groups, in ammonium acetate solution at pH 7.0, where the chelate was solubilized with HDPB, and its absorbance recorded at 430 nm without requiring extraction with hazardous organic solvents.…”

Spectrophotometric determination of aluminium and indium with 2,2′,3,4-tetrahydroxy-3′,5′-disulphoazobenzene

“…Spectrophotometric methods are widely used due to their simplicity, rapidity, low costs and wide applications [27][28][29]. UV spectrophotometry amongst the optical methods seems to be most appropriate analytical approach for the determination of toxic metals, as it provides sensitive, precise and accurate measurement of suitable analytes.…”