Spectrographic Analysis of New and Used Lubricating Oils

Monitoring of the Physical and Chemical Properties of a Gasoline Engine Oil during Its Usage

“…Beside technical reports, a number of papers with the subject of oil analysis can be found in literature [ 9 – 16 ]. In diverse papers the application of a wide range of analytical procedures and methods such as potentiometry [ 15 ], polarography [ 16 ], inductively coupled plasma [ 17 ], Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy [ 18 , 19 ], atomic absorption spectroscopy [ 20 ], differential scanning gravimetry [ 21 ], X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy [ 22 ], laser-induced break down spectroscopy [ 23 ], spectrography [ 24 ], ferrography [ 25 ], mass spectrometry [ 26 ], and chromatography [ 27 ] have been described.…”

Direct determination of metals in lubricating oils by laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry

“…The methodology used for the analysis of oil samples should be rapid and capable of determining several elements simultaneously. Among the most common techniques employed are the rotating-disk electrode spark optical emission spectrometry (RDE-OES), [2][3][4] atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), [5][6][7] optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) [8][9][10][11][12] as well as mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with inductively coupled plasmas [13][14][15] and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). 16,17 For a long time RDE-OES was the method of choice because of its high sample throughput and capabilities of simultaneous multielemental determinations.…”

The determination of trace metals in lubricating oils by atomic spectrometry

“…The earliest studies related to elemental determinations in lubricating oils were based on optical emission spectrometry (OES) using discharge electrodes [54]. However, the large majority of the OES methods for lubricating oils use the stable (continued on next page) (continued on next page) and reliable inductively coupled plasma (ICP).…”