Spectral Reflectance of Tall Fescue ( Festuca Arundinacea Schreb.) Under Different Irrigation and Nitrogen Conditions

Caturegli, Lisa; Grossi, Nicola; Saltari, Matteo; Gaetani, Monica; Magni, Simone; Nikolopoulou, Aimila Eleni; Bonari, E.; Volterrani, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.03.008

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As found by [ 28 ], NDVI was correlated with crop nutrient deficiency, small grain yield, and water stress. However, NDVI has to be considered as a measurement of the effect of many plant growth factors, even in turfgrasses [ 29 ; 13 ; 37 ]. Evaluating all the correlation data obtained, we notice that the relationships between the clippings N content and NDVI values obtained with the camera onboard the UAV are well correlated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Estimate Nitrogen Status of Turfgrasses

et al. 2016

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Spectral reflectance data originating from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery is a valuable tool to monitor plant nutrition, reduce nitrogen (N) application to real needs, thus producing both economic and environmental benefits. The objectives of the trial were i) to compare the spectral reflectance of 3 turfgrasses acquired via UAV and by a ground-based instrument; ii) to test the sensitivity of the 2 data acquisition sources in detecting induced variation in N levels. N application gradients from 0 to 250 kg ha-1 were created on 3 different turfgrass species: Cynodon dactylon x transvaalensis (Cdxt) ‘Patriot’, Zoysia matrella (Zm) ‘Zeon’ and Paspalum vaginatum (Pv) ‘Salam’. Proximity and remote-sensed reflectance measurements were acquired using a GreenSeeker handheld crop sensor and a UAV with onboard a multispectral sensor, to determine Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Proximity-sensed NDVI is highly correlated with data acquired from UAV with r values ranging from 0.83 (Zm) to 0.97 (Cdxt). Relating NDVI-UAV with clippings N, the highest r is for Cdxt (0.95). The most reactive species to N fertilization is Cdxt with a clippings N% ranging from 1.2% to 4.1%. UAV imagery can adequately assess the N status of turfgrasses and its spatial variability within a species, so for large areas, such as golf courses, sod farms or race courses, UAV acquired data can optimize turf management. For relatively small green areas, a hand-held crop sensor can be a less expensive and more practical option.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The range of NDVI varies from 0.00 to 0.99 and correlates positively with turfgrass quality. This index is also influenced by differences in species, environmental stresses, fertilization and pest injuries [ 36 ; 37 ; 2 ; 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Estimate Nitrogen Status of Turfgrasses

et al. 2016

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“…Incident radiation is therefore partly absorbed, transmitted and subsequently redirected outside the canopy as reflected light [ 4 ]. The radiation reflected by plant canopies brings a specific “spectral signature” and the analysis of reflectance spectra provides valuable information on the species [ 5 ] color [ 6 ; 7 ; 8 ] Leaf Area Index (LAI) [ 9 ; 10 ] chlorophyll content [ 11 ], drought stress [ 12 ; 13 ] and nutritional status [ 14 ; 15 ] of many crops and turfgrasses. Based on the interpretation of spectral reflectance instruments have been developed for the early detection of stress in plants or for large scale data acquisition [ 16 ; 17 ; 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflectance, absorbance and transmittance spectra of bermudagrass and manilagrass turfgrass canopies

et al. 2017

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Leaves act as a primary organ for the interception of solar radiation and their spatial arrangement determines how the plant canopy interacts with light. Many studies have been carried out on the penetration of radiation into crops however to date, few results are available on turfgrasses, mainly due to the difficulties of introducing sensors into the turf without disturbing the natural position of the leaves. In the present research two warm season turfgrasses, hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × transvaalensis) 'Patriot' and manilagrass (Zoysia matrella) 'Zeon', were studied. The aim was to describe their canopy architecture grown with minimal disturbance to the natural arrangement of the leaves and stems, and to determine the potential effects of canopy architecture on light penetration and reflectance. Radiometric measurements were carried out at eight different profile levels of turfgrasses that were up to 12 cm tall. A LI-COR 1800 spectroradiometer with an optical fiber cable and a 7 mm diameter sensor was used. Measurements were carried out in the 390–1100 nm region at 5 nm intervals. The LAI value was higher for the manilagrass (9.0) than for the hybrid bermudagrass (5.6). The transmitted radiation was found to be closely dependent on downward cumulative LAI. Despite a more upright habit (mean insertion angle of 22.4° ±3.4), Zoysia matrella showed a higher NIR reflectance compared to Cdxt, which has a horizontal leaf arrangement (mean insertion angle 62.1° ± 9.6). The species studied showed substantial differences both in terms of phytometric characteristics and in the capacity to attenuate solar radiation.

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“…In the last two decades, several research works conducted in Southern Europe have investigated the adaptability of warm-season turfgrass species, including bermudagrass, to the Mediterranean environment [4][5][6][7][8] . Bermudagrass is known to represent the dominant warm-season turfgrass in warm to temperate climatic regions of the world and its drought tolerance makes bermudagrass an ideal and competitive turfgrass in many environments 9-13 . In the past years several studies have been carried out to provide different methods for estimating the vegetation water content at different scales: ground-based or remotely sensed measurements 14,15 . For example, the analysis of the radiation reflected from the canopies can provide information about the water status of the vegetation that generated it and can be used in remote sensing to determine a possible water deficiency 16 .…”

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Effects of water stress on spectral reflectance of bermudagrass

Caturegli

Matteoli

Gaetani

et al. 2020

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In the south-central Italy, during summer rainfall does not supply a sufficient amount of water. Therefore, irrigation management during dry periods is important for maintaining turf quality. The hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt–Davy) is known to represent the dominant warm-season turfgrass in warm to temperate climatic regions and its drought tolerance make bermudagrass a competitive turfgrass. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using uniform cores of hybrid bermudagrass, which were secured in a polyvinyl chloride cylinders and watered by constant sub-irrigation. The objectives of the present research were to measure the spectral reflectance with a new generation handheld spectroradiometer on hybrid bermudagrass and to explore various vegetation indices to be used as future detecting tool to study water stress in bermudagrass. Moreover, the potential uses of multivariate processing techniques for discriminating different water stress conditions in turfgrass has been investigated. Besides spectral indices, multivariate methods, although performed on a data set limited in terms of sample size, have shown a great potential for water stress monitoring in turfgrass and surely deserve further investigations. There are different indices that use distinct water absorption features independent of chlorophyll concentration, such as water index (WI = R900/R970) that has been reported to be a robust index of canopy water content and is used as an active indicator of changes in Leaf Relative Water Content (LRWC). Also, the ratio of WI with NDVI (WI/NDVI = (R900/R970)/((R800 − R680)/(R800 + R680)]) was found to be an effective indicator of water stress. Another vegetation index to detect water features is normalized difference water index (NDWI), designed to maximize reflectance of water by using green wavelengths. In our trial in bermudagrass the relationships studied, suggest that WI (900/970) and WI/NDVI, among the indices studied, are the more effective indicators of water stress. In fact, lower values of WI indicate higher water stress, while higher values of WI/NDVI indicate higher water stress levels.

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Spectral Reflectance of Tall Fescue ( Festuca Arundinacea Schreb.) Under Different Irrigation and Nitrogen Conditions

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Estimate Nitrogen Status of Turfgrasses

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Estimate Nitrogen Status of Turfgrasses

Reflectance, absorbance and transmittance spectra of bermudagrass and manilagrass turfgrass canopies

Effects of water stress on spectral reflectance of bermudagrass

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