Spectral measurements of hypervelocity impact flash

Lawrence, R. Jeffery; Reinhart, William D.; Chhabildas, L.C.; Thornhill, Tom F.

doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.09.010

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These simulations are based on experiments performed at major laser and z-pinch facilities, and results are selected to show a variety of types of SPECT3D simulation output. Other examples of the use of SPECT3D have been presented elsewhere, including the analysis of monochromatic spherical crystal imaging of the early evolution of z-pinch wire arrays [28], visible and infrared spectra from hypervelocity impact flash experiments [29], and backlit imaging of polar direct drive imploding capsules [30].…”

Section: Example Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPECT3D – A multi-dimensional collisional-radiative code for generating diagnostic signatures based on hydrodynamics and PIC simulation output

Macfarlane

Golovkin

Wang

et al. 2007

High Energy Density Physics

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SPECT3D is a multi-dimensional collisional-radiative code used to post-process the output from radiation-hydrodynamics (RH) and particle-in-cell (PIC) codes to generate diagnostic signatures (e.g., images, spectra) that can be compared directly with experimental measurements. This ability to postprocess simulation code output plays a pivotal role in assessing the reliability of RH and PIC simulation codes and their physics models. SPECT3D has the capability to operate on plasmas in 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D geometries. It computes a variety of diagnostic signatures that can be compared with experimental measurements, including: time-resolved and time-integrated spectra, space-resolved spectra and streaked spectra; filtered and monochromatic images; and x-ray diode signals. Simulated images and spectra can include the effects of backlighters, as well as the effects of instrumental broadening and time-gating. SPECT3D also includes a drilldown capability that shows where frequency-dependent radiation is emitted and absorbed as it propagates through the plasma towards the detector, thereby providing insights on where the radiation seen by a detector originates within the plasma. SPECT3D has the capability to model a variety of complex atomic and radiative processes that affect the radiation seen by imaging and spectral detectors in high energy density physics (HEDP) experiments. LTE (local thermodynamic equilibrium) or non-LTE atomic level populations can be computed for plasmas. Photoabsorption rates can be computed using either escape probability models or, for selected 1-D and 2-D geometries, multi-angle radiative transfer models. The effects of non-thermal (i.e., non-Maxwellian) electron distributions can also be included. To study the influence of energetic particles on spectra and images recorded in intense short-pulse laser experiments, the effects of both relativistic electrons and energetic proton beams can be simulated.SPECT3D is a user-friendly software package that runs on Windows, Linux, and Mac platforms.A parallel version of SPECT3D is supported for Linux clusters for large-scale calculations. We will discuss the major features of SPECT3D, and present example results from simulations and comparisons with experimental data.

show abstract

Section: Example Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPECT3D – A multi-dimensional collisional-radiative code for generating diagnostic signatures based on hydrodynamics and PIC simulation output

Macfarlane

Golovkin

Wang

et al. 2007

High Energy Density Physics

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[29][30][31] There have, however, been far fewer hypervelocity experiments examining the emission (or "flash") resulting from impacts between meteoroids and spacecraft. 8,12,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Additional studies of this type would be particularly valuable as the intensity and wavelength of the emission produced by hypervelocity impact events is of significant interest in the engineering and evaluation of spacecraft shielding. In order to effectively protect any light sensitive equipment inside a spacecraft, consideration should be taken to ensure that any external shielding that may be hit during a hypervelocity impact event (from meteoroids or orbital debris) sufficiently minimizes both the physical damage and the resulting flash of light from both the inner surface of the shield and any subsequent debris formed within the craft.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the temporal evolution of hypervelocity impact phenomena via high-speed imaging and ultraviolet-visible emission spectroscopy

Tandy

Mihaly

Adams

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A model for debris clouds produced by impact of hypervelocity projectiles on multiplate structures Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 211905 (2008) Examining the temporal evolution of hypervelocity impact phenomena via high-speed imaging and ultraviolet-visible emission spectroscopy The temporal evolution of a previously observed hypervelocity impact-induced vapor cloud [Mihaly et al., Int. J. Impact Eng. 62, 13 (2013)] was measured by simultaneously recording several full-field, near-IR images of the resulting emission using an OMA-V high-speed camera. A two-stage light-gas gun was used to accelerate 5 mg Nylon 6/6 right-cylinders to speeds between 5 km/s and 7 km/s to impact 1.5 mm thick 6061-T6 aluminum target plates. Complementary laserside-lighting [Mihaly et al., Int. J. Impact Eng. 62, 13 (2013); Proc. Eng. 58, 363 (2013)] and frontof-target (without laser illumination) images were also captured using a Cordin ultra-high-speed camera. The rapid expansion of the vapor cloud was observed to contain a bright, emitting exterior, and a darker, optically thick interior. The shape of this phenomenon was also observed to vary considerably between experiments due to extremely high-rate (>250 000 rpm) of tumbling of the cylindrical projectiles. Additionally, UV-vis emission spectra were simultaneously recorded to investigate the temporal evolution of the atomic and molecular composition of the up-range, impact-induced vapor plume. A PI-MAX3 high-speed camera coupled to an Acton spectrograph was utilized to capture the UV-vis spectra, which shows an overall peak in emission intensity between approximately 6-10 ls after impact trigger, corresponding to an increased quantity of emitting vapor/plasma passing through the spectrometer slit during this time period. The relative intensity of the numerous spectral bands was also observed to vary according to the exposure delay of the camera, indicating that the different atomic/molecular species exhibit a varied temporal evolution during the vapor cloud expansion. Higher resolution spectra yielded additional emission lines/bands that provide further evidence of interaction between fragmented projectile material and the 1 mmHg atmosphere inside the target chamber. A comparison of the data to down-range emission spectra also revealed differences in the relative intensities of the atomic/molecular composition of the observed vapor clouds. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

show abstract

“…Impact flashes have been previously studied at velocities ranging from 2 -25 km/s [4][5][6]. The correlation between intensities of atomic lines in the impact flash from copper projectiles (2 -5.5 km/s) on polycrystalline dolomite targets and the power of impact velocity was measured by Sugita [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlation between intensities of atomic lines in the impact flash from copper projectiles (2 -5.5 km/s) on polycrystalline dolomite targets and the power of impact velocity was measured by Sugita [4]. Time-resolved spectral data have been reported from impacts at 25 km/s with the Z-machine [5]. Electron temperatures were reported from impact experiments conducted by using a twostage light gas gun to accelerate aluminium spheres to 8 km/s [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved Spectroscopy of Plasma Flash from Hypervelocity Impact on Debrisat

Radhakrishnan

2015

Procedia Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Time-resolved spectroscopic measurements were made on the intense plasma flash that accompanied a hypervelocity impact on "DebriSat" conducted in April 2014 at the Arnold Engineering Development Complex (AEDC) in Tennessee. The DebriSat project was a unique hypervelocity event aimed at simulating an on-orbit destructive collision of a modern satellite with a hypervelocity projectile in a single strike. Collaborators on the project included NASA's Orbital Debris Program Office at NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), US Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC), The Aerospace Corporation, The University of Florida, and AEDC. The primary hypervelocity test object, DebriSat, was a 56 kg structure representative of a modern LEO spacecraft, assembled at University of Florida following design guidance provided by Aerospace's Concept Design Center. It comprised a hexagonal body with an arrangement of seven compartmentalized bays. The main panels and the structural ribs between the bays were constructed from Al 5052 honeycomb and carbon fiber composite face sheets. Each bay had a set of structures with components intended to represent those used in a modern satellite design. The AEDC projectile was a 570 g nylon-aluminum cylinder travelling at 6.8 km/s. An analysis of the first several frames of the DebriSat flash shows that the rate of radial expansion of the plume decreased from 4750 m/s at t = 0 to 2250 m/s at t = 156 s. Timeresolved spectral measurements were conducted on the plasma flash with multiple frames acquired with a 10 s gating interval. Numerous emission lines were observed and were consistent with the materials of structural components located in the specific bay of DebriSat that was impacted. A background was observed in all the spectral frames and could be fitted to a blackbody temperature of ~ 2900 K. A detailed description of the plasma flash and its spectroscopic investigation is presented.

show abstract

Spectral measurements of hypervelocity impact flash

Cited by 24 publications

References 5 publications

SPECT3D – A multi-dimensional collisional-radiative code for generating diagnostic signatures based on hydrodynamics and PIC simulation output

SPECT3D – A multi-dimensional collisional-radiative code for generating diagnostic signatures based on hydrodynamics and PIC simulation output

Examining the temporal evolution of hypervelocity impact phenomena via high-speed imaging and ultraviolet-visible emission spectroscopy

Time-resolved Spectroscopy of Plasma Flash from Hypervelocity Impact on Debrisat

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About