Spectral analysis of the EBT3 radiochromic film irradiated with 6 MV X-ray radiation

León-Marroquín, Elsa Y.; Camacho-López, Miguel A.; García‐Garduño, Olivia Amanda; Herrera-González, José Alfredo; Villarreal-Barajas, J. Eduardo; Gutiérrez-Fuentes, R.; Contreras‐Bulnes, Rosalía

doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.03.007

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It has been reported in the literature that when a flatbed scanner is used as a readout system for radiochromic films, the sensitivity of the film measurements depends on the color channel and the dose level of the films . For example, for EBT3 films, it has been shown that the red channel has the highest sensitivity when the dose level is <6 Gy; when the dose level is >6 Gy, the green channel has highest sensitivity . This result is confirmed by our work, when the EBT3 film response is measured using a spectrometer and broadband light source.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…. These spectra show the typical two absorption bands characteristic of EBT film models . The highest absorption band (primary) is centered around 635–637 nm and another absorption band (secondary) is centered around 583–585 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Accurate knowledge of the absorption spectrum of the radiochromic films and its behavior with dose helps to better understand their response to radiation . The optical absorption spectra of the EBT, EBT2, and EBT3 radiochromic films have been studied for their optical properties . In most of the existing literature, it has been shown that the irradiation of these films results in two principal absorption bands centered at 636 ± 3 and 585 ± 2 nm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some groups have reported a third band with a lower intensity centered at 560 ± 6 nm . The absorption spectrum has been modeled as a weighted sum of Lorentzian functions corresponding to the electronic and vibrionic transitions of all polymer color phases and of all conjugation lengths …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have investigated film absorption spectra only for 6 MV x rays, cobalt‐60, and solar UV radiation . Typically spectroscopic studies are done with a spectrophotometer using a monochromator to supply light to the sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral analysis of the EBT3 radiochromic films for clinical photon and electron beams

et al. 2019

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the spectral response of the EBT3 radiochromic films to different beam qualities for radiation therapy dosimetry. Dose, dose rate, and interbatch dependencies on the spectral response of the films were investigated as well. Methods Pieces of EBT3 films placed between layers of solid water phantoms were irradiated with 6 and 15 MV photon beams, 6 and 10 MV‐flattening filter free (FFF) photon beams, and 6 and 20 MeV electron beams at dose levels between 0.4 and 50 Gy. Net absorbance was measured as a function of wavelength from the spectra acquired in the wavelength range of 400–800 nm using a fiber‐coupled spectrometer and broadband light source. Results No significant change was observed in the absorption spectra of the EBT3 film from the same batch irradiated with the same amount of dose using different beam qualities. Also, no spectral change with dose rate was observed. The measured net absorbance per Gy was independent of beam quality in the 1–50 Gy dose range. Slight differences in the spectral shape and absorption band positions were observed in film samples from different batches. The net absorbance spectra showed two absorption bands centered around 634–636 nm (primary) and 583–585 nm (secondary). However, depending on the film batch, for doses above a certain level the primary absorption band appears to “split” into two bands centered around ~624–628 and ~641–645 nm. Conclusions The spectral shape of the EBT3 radiochromic films irradiated with photons (including FFF) and electron beams is beam quality and dose rate independent; however, it varies with dose level, batch, and spectroscopy system used.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral analysis of the EBT3 radiochromic films for clinical photon and electron beams

et al. 2019

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Investigation of EBT3 radiochromic film's response to humidity

León-Marroquín

Lárraga‐Gutiérrez

Herrera-González

et al. 2018

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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PurposeThe aim of this work is to investigate the effects of immersing EBT3 radiochromic film in water and to evaluate its contribution to the total uncertainty in dose determination.Materials and methodsWe used 3 cm × 3 cm EBT3 radiochromic films irradiated in the range of 0–70 Gy to study the impact of water immersion on the change in net optical density. These films were placed in a water container for a period of 24 h. The net optical density was measured before (0 h) and after of the immersion in water (1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h). The absorbance spectrum of the EBT3 radiochromic film was measured at 0 h and 24 h after immersion in water. The uncertainty in dose determination due to the effects of keeping the EBT3 radiochromic film submerged in water at 0, 1, and 24 h were recorded in the red, green, and blue channels.ResultsWe observed an increase in the net optical density as an effect on the film due to its immersion in water. The penetration of the water at the edges of the radiochromic film was observed to be a function of time during which the film remained in the water. On the other hand, the penetration of water at the edges of the film was found to be independent of irradiation dose.Conclusions EBT3 radiochromic film is found more resistant to water penetration through the edges than its predecessors. However, there is evidence that suggest that liquid water damage the Nylon cover layer of the film by changing its optical properties. Therefore, it is recommended to build a new calibration curve for radiochromic films for a specific situation involving dose measurements in liquid water.

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Response characterization of EBT‐XD radiochromic films in megavoltage photon and electron beams

et al. 2019

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the beam quality dependence of the EBT‐XD radiochromic films for megavoltage photon and electron beam irradiations by studying their spectral response. Dose, dose rate, and interbatch dependencies were investigated as well. Methods EBT‐XD and EBT3 radiochromic films were cut into 5 cm2 × 5 cm2 pieces, placed between solid water phantoms, and irradiated with 6 and 15 MV photon beams, 6 and 10 MV flattening filter free photon beams, and 6 and 20 MeV electron beams at dose levels between 0.5 and 50 Gy. In order to measure the spectral response, the films were illuminated by a deuterium and tungsten‐halogen lamp and net absorption was measured in 400–800 nm spectral range using a fiber‐coupled optical spectrometer. Film samples were then analyzed using a flatbed scanner in the red, green, and blue channel to obtain the optical density of the films. Results The net absorption spectra of the EBT‐XD and EBT3 films showed two absorption bands centered at 635 and 585 nm, characteristic of the EBT model. However, for a given dose, the EBT‐XD films showed lower net absorbance compared to the EBT3 films. At a given dose level, the net absorption spectra and dose–response curves for EBT‐XD films showed only slight variations across various beam qualities. When a calibration curve obtained from a given beam quality is used to measure dose from films irradiated with other beam qualities, the maximum uncertainty in the calculated dose, in ranges 5–40 and 8–50 Gy for red and green channels, respectively, were ~3.1% and ~2.4%. Conclusions The response of the EBT‐XD films is dose rate independent but batch dependent. No significant beam quality dependence was observed in EBT‐XD films in the dose range up to 50 Gy.

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Spectral analysis of the EBT3 radiochromic film irradiated with 6 MV X-ray radiation

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Spectral analysis of the EBT3 radiochromic films for clinical photon and electron beams

Spectral analysis of the EBT3 radiochromic films for clinical photon and electron beams

Investigation of EBT3 radiochromic film's response to humidity

Response characterization of EBT‐XD radiochromic films in megavoltage photon and electron beams

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