Specificity and Function of T Lymphocytes Induced by Influenza A Viruses

Yewdell, Jonathan W.; Hackett, Charles J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0811-9_8

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 247 publications

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“…3). This is unlike the situation reported by others in which the majority of CTLs are cross-reactive (Wraith, 1987;Yewdell & Hackett, 1989). …”

Section: Antigen Specificity Of the Primary Ctl Response In Lungs Durcontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…These data also show that CD4 ÷ and CD8 ÷ cell populations are each able to clear infectivity. This agrees with the data of Allan et al (1990), who depleted CD4 ÷ cells in vivo, and others who reconstituted immunodeficient mice with already specifically activated T cell populations (reviewed by Yewdell & Hackett, 1989). Somewhat surprising was the clearance of infectivity in doubly depleted CD4-/CD8-animals infected with WSN virus and treated with active DI virus (< 10 p.f.u./ml in each of four mice 12 days p.i.…”

Section: Role Of Cd8 + and Cd4 ÷ T Cells In DI Virus-mediated Protectionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Failure to detect CTLs to M l and M2 has to be viewed with some caution because although they are evolutionarily conserved, they originated from other influenza viruses [A/PR8 (H 1N 1) and A/Udorn (H2N2) respectively]. However, others have found that M1 is not recognized by either H-2 k or H-2 d mice, although it is recognized by human CTLs (Reay et al, 1989;Yewdell & Hackett, 1989 showed that the CTL activity in both experimental groups was predominantly strainspecific (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Antigen Specificity Of the Primary Ctl Response In Lungs Durmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protection of mice from lethal influenza by defective interfering virus: T cell responses

McLain

Morgan²,

Dimmock³

1992

Journal of General Virology

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The immune-mediated lethal influenza in C3H/He-mg (H-2 k) mice infected with A/WSN influenza virus (H1N1) was investigated. A primary class I major histocompatibility complex-restricted, CD8 ÷ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response was found in the lungs with a peak activity at 5 days post-infection. Monoclonal antibody depletion in vivo showed that a lethal CD8 + cell response as well as a lethal CD4 ÷ response was generated during infection. Mice survived infection only if both CD8 ÷ and CD4 ÷ cells were depleted. Mice infected with the same dose of virus, but treated with defective interfering (DI) A/WSN virus develop only a transient sub-lethal respiratory disease even though multiplication of virus in the lungs is undiminished, and we have shown here that this correlates with a reduction in the local CTL response. The mechanism by which DI virus beneficially modulates the immune response is discussed; it is proposed that there is classical, but cell type-specific DI virus interference in lymphocytes but not in the cells of the lung in which virus multiplies productively.

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“…3). This is unlike the situation reported by others in which the majority of CTLs are cross-reactive (Wraith, 1987;Yewdell & Hackett, 1989). …”

Section: Antigen Specificity Of the Primary Ctl Response In Lungs Durcontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Role Of Cd8 + and Cd4 ÷ T Cells In DI Virus-mediated Protectionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Antigen Specificity Of the Primary Ctl Response In Lungs Durmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Protection of mice from lethal influenza by defective interfering virus: T cell responses

McLain

Morgan²,

Dimmock³

1992

Journal of General Virology

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“…A long literature has characterized the CD8 ϩ CTL response to conserved internal Ags, predominantly NP (23)(24)(25)(26), and the response of CD4 ϩ T cells as measured by proliferation, help for Ab and CTL responses, and cytokine production (27)(28)(29). Th cells specific for NP or M can help for subsequent Ab responses to HA (27), suggesting a mechanism for accelerated responses to a mismatched virus strain at the time of challenge.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterosubtypic Immunity to Influenza A Virus in Mice Lacking IgA, All Ig, NKT Cells, or γδ T Cells

Benton

Misplon

et al. 2001

The Journal of Immunology

126

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The mechanisms of broad cross-protection to influenza viruses of different subtypes, termed heterosubtypic immunity, remain incompletely understood. We used knockout mouse strains to examine the potential for heterosubtypic immunity in mice lacking IgA, all Ig and B cells, NKT cells (CD1 knockout mice), or γδ T cells. Mice were immunized with live influenza A virus and compared with controls immunized with unrelated influenza B virus. IgA−/− mice survived full respiratory tract challenge with heterosubtypic virus that was lethal to controls. IgA−/− mice also cleared virus from the nasopharynx and lungs following heterosubtypic challenge limited to the upper respiratory tract, where IgA has been shown to play an important role. Ig−/− mice controlled the replication of heterosubtypic challenge virus in the lungs. Acute depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T cell subsets abrogated this clearance of virus, thus indicating that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are required for protection in the absence of Ig. These results in Ig−/− mice indicate that CD4+ T cells can function by mechanisms other than providing help to B cells for the generation of Abs. Like wild-type mice, CD1−/− mice and γδ−/− mice survived lethal heterosubtypic challenge. Acute depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ cells abrogated heterosubtypic protection in γδ−/− mice, but not B6 controls, suggesting a contribution of γδ T cells. Our results demonstrate that the Ab and cellular subsets deficient in these knockout mice are not required for heterosubtypic protection, but each may play a role in a multifaceted response that as a whole is more effective than any of its parts.

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“…The key cell-mediated immune response is the development of MHC class I restricted CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), which are usually detectable within 3 to 4 days after infection. CD8 + CTL lyse virus-infected host cells [70]. The epitopes recognised by CTL on the HA, nucleoprotein (NP), matrix (M1) and polymerase PB2 proteins are more highly conserved than those involved in humoral immunity.…”

Section: Natural Immunity and Live Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%