Mechatronic design is traditionally supported through domain-specific design activities throughout the product development process. The partitioning into domain-specific problems leads to a situation where product properties influence each other, hence giving rise to dependencies. These dependencies play a key role in prediction of properties and as a result, in the decision making process. The important question is: how to manage the dependencies for an efficient and effective decision making? The aim of this paper is threefold. Firstly, we investigate the nature of dependencies and study how to model them. The paper proposes appropriate language constructs taking into account synthesis and analysis nature of properties and dependencies. The concepts related to the dependency modeling are then illustrated through a simple robot design example, where the creation and importance of a dependency model are explained. Secondly, we study practical approaches for consistency management and model management in the presence of dependencies. Six levels-ofdetail in modeling dependencies are presented; emphasizing that modeling at higher level-of-detail ensures that more inconsistencies are avoided. Available languages such as OMG SysML™ are evaluated for a possible creation of the dependency models leading towards executable dependency networks. However, at present, SysML does not provide sufficiently rich language constructs to model dependencies. Thirdly, we compare our dependency modeling approach to the other state-of-the-art approaches such as dependency modeling with a Design Structure Matrix, and highlight the benefits of the language constructs proposed in this paper. We aim to convince the reader that there is a substantial value in modeling dependencies explicitly, especially to avoid inconsistencies, which is not the current state of the practice. However, an overall value from dependency modeling can only be obtained if the cost of creating the dependency model is reasonable. Issues such as human interaction/effort and model management through PLM are discussed.
INTRODUCTIONMechatronic design is a multi-disciplinary activity performed by multi-disciplinary design teams. In managing the design of such complex products, a model-based approach promises better complexity management, improved design quality, better knowledge reuse and improved communication [1]. These advantages are however also accompanied by challenges such as model management, interoperability, and consistency management. The ultimate goal in employing a model-based approach over a document-based approach is to make better decisions as early as possible (effectiveness) while utilizing fewer resources (efficiency).Using formal models enables use of computational power in predicting the outcomes. As complexity increases, the information which is typically part of a design specification becomes large, and computers can handle such large specifications much better than humans do through documents. Typically a model repository enables employm...