Specific types of international trade: 'Cap and trade' system

Ivanovic-Munitlak, Olja; Raspopovic, Neda; Mitić, Petar

doi:10.5937/poseko1402115i

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Developed countries have these schemes to try to limit pollutant emissions and provide incentives for those who decide to pollute less. The European Union's Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is the world's first large scheme for trading CO 2 emissions [87,88], and transitional economies can find a satisfactory know-how from these countries on creating and/or developing an emissions-trading scheme.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cointegration Analysis of Real GDP and CO2 Emissions in Transitional Countries

2017

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This paper analyses the relationship between real GDP and CO 2 emissions for 17 transitional economies based on a series of annual data from 1997 to 2014. The analysis was conducted using Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) (DOLS) and Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) approaches. The results clearly suggest the existence of a statistically significant long-run cointegrating relationship between CO 2 emissions and real GDP. A 1% change in GDP leads to around a 0.35% change of CO 2 emission on average for the considered group of countries. Close values of long-run coefficients for all estimations confirm the robustness of the estimated results. The authors state that transitional economies need to follow global policy incentives, and try to implement new mechanisms and instruments for the purpose of reducing CO 2 emissions, such as environmental taxes, emissions-trading schemes, and carbon capture and storage, if they want to achieve future CO 2 emission reductions, while attaining economic growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cointegration Analysis of Real GDP and CO2 Emissions in Transitional Countries

2017

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Exploring Economic Growth and Environment Nexus in Nine Southeastern European Countries

Mitić

Cvetanović

2018

Economic Themes

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This paper investigates the interdependence between environmental degradation (CO2 emissions) and economic growth (GDP per capita) in nine SEE countries over the period 1992 -2016. The results of Granger causality testing indicate that in the short run there is a positive bidirectional causal relationship between CO2 emissions and GDP per capita, but in the long run, there is causality running just from GDP per capita to CO2 emissions, with the 2.0279% speed of adjustment. In pursuit of adequate policy measures, SEE countries need to work on inclusion of non-EU countries into European Union's Emissions Trading Scheme, further developing carbon taxation policies and using renewable energy sources on a larger scale.

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Illegal trade in criminal law

Matić,

Ćeranić

2023

Pravo - teorija i praksa

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Trade, as a form of commodity-money relations, has a long history. It begins with the first forms of exchange of goods for money and other valuables. Given that the purpose of trade is the acquisition of profit based on the sale and purchase of goods and services, this activity undoubtedly enabled the commercial class of society to accumulate significant wealth. This is why merchants are considered to be among the wealthiest people in the society, from the beginning of the first states, up to the present day. However, trading often represents an 'ideal' way of acquiring illegal gains, which can rapidly increase if it is carried out over a long period of time. The suppression of various forms of illegal trade is carried out at the legal and institutional level. Hence, regulations in this field can be classified into basic ones (governing trading activities), criminal ones (specifying particular criminal offenses), and misdemeanor ones (prescribing penalties for legal entities and individuals). The legal peculiarity in regulating trade, including its legal forms, lies in the extensive catalog of different procedures. In the field of criminal law, there is an independent criminal offense of the same name with multiple forms. In our country, judicial practice is full of various cases in which the criminal ingenuity of the actors of illegal trade is especially manifested. The inspection authorities are the society's first line of defense against various forms of illicit trade. In the process of carrying out regular and extraordinary supervision, they observe and initiate investigation into the responsibility for offenses in the domain of illegal trade. In the field of criminal law, there is an independent criminal offense of the same name, which has several forms. Consequently, this paper gives an overview of the legal mechanisms for suppressing illegal trade in our country.

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Specific types of international trade: 'Cap and trade' system

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

A Cointegration Analysis of Real GDP and CO2 Emissions in Transitional Countries

A Cointegration Analysis of Real GDP and CO2 Emissions in Transitional Countries

Exploring Economic Growth and Environment Nexus in Nine Southeastern European Countries

Illegal trade in criminal law

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