Specific RT-PCR procedure for the detection of human parechovirus type 1 genome in clinical samples

Parechovirus typing in clinical specimens by nested or semi-nested PCR coupled with sequencing

“…5,9,10,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] All of these assays target the parechovirus 5 NTR and are, therefore, not type-specific. The few published primer sets that target the HPeV VP1 region, the current gold standard for picornavirus molecular typing, 39,40 have been designed from nucleic acid alignments of HPeVs only.…”

“…16,20 We and others have published methods for parechovirus detection using conventional or real-time PCR. 5,9,10,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Traditionally, HPeV1-2 (formerly echoviruses [22][23] were typed antigenically by neutralization assay in cell culture, using standardized antisera, 31 but antisera are not widely available for HPeV3-14. Molecular typing of virus isolates by PCR and sequencing a portion of the VP1 capsid-coding region was recently introduced for HPeV types 1-6.…”

Comparison of human parechovirus and enterovirus detection frequencies in cerebrospinal fluid samples collected over a 5‐year period in edinburgh: HPeV type 3 identified as the most common picornavirus type

“…Sewage surveillance in Edinburgh indeed documents the predominance of HPeV1 over other HPeV types circulating in the local community [Leitch et al, personal communication]. Interestingly, diagnosed HPeV1 infections were substantially more frequent and more severe in the 1980s [Figueroa et al, 1989;Koskiniemi et al, 1989;Legay et al, 2002b], where it accounted for close to 8% of all HPeV/EV infections in national surveillance systems [Maguire et al, 1999;Khetsuriani et al, 2006a,b;Antona et al, 2007]. We might speculate that the emergence of HPeV1 simply preceded that of HPeV3 and these disease presentations originated similarly from a lack of universal maternal exposure at that time.…”

Detection of Human Parechoviruses from Clinical Stool Samples in Aichi, Japan

“…Several previous studies established and improved the sensitivity of HPeV detection from stool specimens (10,24,30), but the full spectrum of clinical manifestations and the epidemiology of HPeV infection, as well as the prevalence and pathogenesis of each HPeV type, still remain undetermined. In an attempt to characterize the epidemiologic and pathogenic aspects of each HPeV serotype, we here report the incidence and clinical features of HPeV infection in children based on the analyses of epidemiological information and stool specimens collected from approximately 5,000 patients visiting pediatric clinics during a recent 10-year period as a routine surveillance system to identify the prevalence of viral pathogens.…”