Specific Proteins in Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: New Potential Tools

Orduña, Patricia; Castillo-Rodal, Antonia Isabel; Mercado, Martha E.; León, Samuel Ponce de; López-Vidal, Yolanda

doi:10.1155/2015/964178

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Therefore, our findings require further molecular analyses to support species identification. Nevertheless, the species of NTM reported here agree with those previously reported in Mexico in human lungs [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], water [ 29 , 30 ], and salad samples [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Isolation and Histopathological Changes Associated with Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in Lymph Nodes Condemned at a Bovine Slaughterhouse

Hernández-Jarguín

Martı́nez-Burnes

Molina-Salinas

et al. 2020

Veterinary Sciences

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Background: non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infect humans and animals and have a critical confounding effect on the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. The Official Mexican Standard (Norma Oficial Mexicana, NOM-ZOO-031-1995) for food safety regulates Mycobacterium bovis in cattle, but not the NTM species. The study’s objective was to isolate and identify the NTM present in condemned bovine lymph nodes in a slaughterhouse, characterize the histological lesions, and correlate bacteriological and microscopic findings with the antemortem tuberculin skin test. Methods: from 528 cattle, one or two pooled samples of lymph nodes from each animal were cultured for Mycobacteria spp. and processed for histopathology. Results: mycobacteria were isolated from 54/528 (10.2%) of the condemned lymph nodes; 25/54 (46.2%) of these isolates were NTM; 4 bacteriological cultures with fungal contamination were discarded. Granulomatous and pyogranulomatous inflammation were present in 6/21 (28.6%) and 7/21 (33.3%) of the NTM-positive lymph nodes, respectively. The species of NTM associated with granulomatous lymphadenitis were M. scrofulaceum, M. triviale, M. terrae, and M. szulgai, while those causing pyogranulomatous lesions were M. szulgai, M. kansasii, M. phlei, and M. scrofulaceum. Conclusions: the NTM infections can cause false-positive results in the tuberculin test because of cross immune reactivity and interference with the postmortem identification of M. bovis in cattle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Isolation and Histopathological Changes Associated with Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in Lymph Nodes Condemned at a Bovine Slaughterhouse

Hernández-Jarguín

Martı́nez-Burnes

Molina-Salinas

et al. 2020

Veterinary Sciences

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“…Healthcare providers should carefully assess causality association of the isolated NTM species with patient's symptoms and signs. Approximately, one-third of NTM species are potentially pathogenic for humans 128 . Some of the common pathogenic NTM species are listed in Table VII 2 3 10 129 .…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acquired resistance for macrolide in MAC occurs due to point mutations in the 23S rRNA ( rrl ) gene and for amikacin due to mutations in 16S rRNA ( rrs ) gene (amikacin resistance is observed in MAC isolates cultured from sputum specimens of patients who were extensively exposed to the drug or related aminoglycosides) 18 . For MAC, DST against macrolides [clarithromycin is used as a class agent; minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) cut-off: >32 μg/ml] and amikacin (MIC cut-off: >64 μg/ml for parenteral and >128 μg/ml for liposomal amikacin) and, for M. kansasii , DST against rifampicin (MIC >2 μg/ml) and clarithromycin are used (MIC ≥32 μg/ml) 128 . When M. kansasii is resistant against rifampicin, DST for amikacin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, linezolid, minocycline, moxifloxacin, rifabutin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is recommended 18 .…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, diagnosis & treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial diseases

2020

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Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitously present in the environment, but NTM diseases occur infrequently. NTM are generally considered to be less virulent than Mycobacterium tuberculosis , however, these organisms can cause diseases in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. As compared to tuberculosis, person-to-person transmission does not occur except with M. abscessus NTM species among cystic fibrosis patients. Lung is the most commonly involved organ, and the NTM-pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) occurs frequently in patients with pre-existing lung disease. NTM may also present as localized disease involving extrapulmonary sites such as lymph nodes, skin and soft tissues and rarely bones. Disseminated NTM disease is rare and occurs in individuals with congenital or acquired immune defects such as HIV/AIDS. Rapid molecular tests are now available for confirmation of NTM diagnosis at species and subspecies level. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) is not routinely done except in non-responsive disease due to slowly growing mycobacteria ( M. avium complex, M. kansasii ) or infection due to rapidly growing mycobacteria, especially M. abscessus . While the decision to treat the patients with NTM-PD is made carefully, the treatment is given for 12 months after sputum culture conversion. Additional measures include pulmonary rehabilitation and correction of malnutrition. Treatment response in NTM-PD is variable and depends on isolated NTM species and severity of the underlying PD. Surgery is reserved for patients with localized disease with good pulmonary functions. Future research should focus on the development and validation of non-culture-based rapid diagnostic tests for early diagnosis and discovery of newer drugs with greater efficacy and lesser toxicity than the available ones.

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“…Sensitive diagnostic methods that are capable of segregating virulent NTMs from non‐virulent species, based on heterologous protein sequences, and the identification of NTMs responsible for the synthesis of lipids that regulate immune interactions are urgently necessary. 73 , 74 Overall, the microbiota metabolites appear to be the most influential and easily modifiable factor that may be used to alter susceptibility. An in‐depth study examining these contributions is of the uppermost priority.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Ntm Pulmonary Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%